VETERINAEY MEDICIITE. 381 



A method for cultivating tubercle bacilli from, human and animal organs, 

 K. K. Wedensky (Ceutbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. AM., Orig., 6S {1912), No. 3-1,, pp. 

 -',29-431, fig. 1). — The isolation and preparation of pure cultures of tubercle 

 bacilli from diseased organs is usually considered a difficult task; consequently 

 the author proposes a method in which pieces of the organ are suspended, by 

 means of a silk thread, in glycerin bouillon and incubated at from 37 to 3S° C. 

 As soon as small colonies are noted on the sui'face of the bouillon, they are 

 removed and inoculated into other bouillon. 



The nutrition of the tubercle bacillus with mineral substances, B. Sauton 

 {Orig. Commun. 8. Internat. Cong. Appl. Chem. [Washington and New York], 

 19 {1912), Sect. Vllld, pp. 267-269).— This is a study of the effect of certain 

 mineral substances upon the number or amount of bovine tubei'cle bacilli grown 

 on a medium containing, in 1,000 parts, asparagin 4 gm., glycerin 60 gui., citric 

 acid 2 gm., phosphate of potassium 0.5 gm., sulphate of magnesia 0.5 gm., and 

 iron and ammonium citrate 0.05 gm. The liquid was neutralized with ammonia. 



After incubating for 20 days, the cultures and media were sterilized, and the 

 weight of the washed and dried cultures determined. The amount of cultures 

 obtained varied between 0.9 and 1.25 gm. per cubic centimeter of liquid. Under 

 the same conditions, when the organism was grown on glycerin bouillon, O.G 

 gm. was obtained. 



It is shown that when sulphur is absent from the medium only 0.12 gm. of 

 cultures was obtained; with absence of phosphate or potassium, no growth; 

 without magnesium, 0.03 gm. ; and without iron, 0.35 gm. The potassium could 

 not be replaced by sodium, lithium, caesium, or rubidium. Manganese could 

 not replace iron. 



Some experiments with other salts are also included. 



The viability of the bovine t3rpe of tubercle bacilli given intravenously 

 in the blood stream and the muscles of animals destined for slaughter, and 

 determining the age of the tuberculous changes produced, C. Titze {Arh. K. 

 Gmdhtsamt., 1,3 {1913), No. 4, pp. 607-622). — This investigation was made with 

 6 goats and 7 bovines. For detecting the bacteria, which were introduced into 

 the blood stream, the guinea pig test was used. The ordinary microscopic 

 method for this purpose gave negative results. 



The introduction of tubercle bacilli into the blood causes a lodgment of the 

 organism in the various organs, but especially in the lungs, where it produces 

 a catarrhal inflammation which results in specific tubercle formation in an 

 embolic manner. From the lungs the tubercle bacilli go to the bronchial- 

 mediastinal lymph glands. If lethal amounts of tubercle bacilli are given intra- 

 venously, tubercle bacilli can be detected in the blood and muscle tissue 23 days 

 after infection. Clinically the disease produced by injecting the organisms 

 intravenously manifests itself after an incubation period of from 6 to 9 days. 

 If organisms of full virulency are inhaled, the clinical symptoms are manifest 

 after from 10 to 14 days. 



If smaller or medium amounts of organisms are given intravenously to goats 

 or to bovines, the organisms are eliminated quickly from the blood stream. 

 Medium amounts, however, in some instances could be noted from 7 to 9 days 

 post infection in the blood stream. Where the organisms were found in the 

 mu.scles, they were found in the blood also. On the other hand, the organisms 

 were noted in the lymphatic glands when apparently absent from the blood 

 stream. 



In regard to determining the age of the tubercular processs many discrep- 

 ancies were found to exist in the literature. The shortest time after intravenous 

 injection in which the tubercles can be noted macroscopically is about 12 days. 



