FIELD CEOPS. ' 429 



" The date of seeding and rate of seeding tests were of too short duration 

 to yield conclusive results, as were also the tests of the comparative value 

 of fallowing and continuous cropping. 



" In a test of many varieties of corn the average yield of the best variety 

 in a 3-year period was less than 40 per cent of the yield of milo maize. Milo 

 maize and Kafir corn proved good yielders of grain, the 3-year average yield 

 of milo being 42 bu. of 56 lbs. each. 



" Experiments were begun at Amarillo in 1905 and transferred to the new 

 farm at that place in 1909. Very extensive experiments, partly cooperative 

 with other offices, have been conducted since the latter date. 



" Hard red winter wheats of the Turkey group and medium-hard sorts of 

 the Mediterranean group have proved best adapted, giving yields of 7.5 to 

 10.5 bu. per acre for the 6-year period ended in 1911. The best varieties of 

 winter spelt and emmer have yielded 25 and 19.6 bu., respectively, in the same 

 period. 



" Tennessee winter barley gave an average yield in the 6-year period of 10.6 

 bu., and the best winter rye 9 bu., but no varieties of winter oats liave proved 

 sufficiently winter hardy. 



" Experiments in dates and rates of seeding of winter wheat show that 3 pk. 

 per acre sown between October 15 and 30 gave the best average results. Cul- 

 tural experiments indicate that best results will be obtained when the land is 

 plowed at least 6 in. deep from 00 to 80 days before seeding. When the land 

 can not be prepared until nearly seeding time disking has given better results 

 than plowing. 



" Spring wheats have been somewhat lower in yield than winter wheats. The 

 best varieties were the common wheats, Fretes and Galgalos, yielding 9.3 bu. 

 on the average, and the durum wheats, Marouani, Saragolla, and Kubanka, 

 yielding 8.7, S.6, and 7.9 bu. per acre in the order named. 



" Experiments indicate that 4 pk. per acre for the common sirring wheats and 

 5 pk. per acre for durum wheats are the best average rates of seeding, sub- 

 .iect to variation with varying weather and soil conditions. The best date of 

 seeding varies from the last of February to the middle of April, depending on 

 conditions of weather and soil moisture. 



" The spring oat varieties, Red Algerian and Red Rustproof, have yielded 

 19.8 and 18 bu., while different strains of Sixty-Day, Kherson, and Burt have 

 varied between 13.6 and 17.8 bu. for the 6 years from 1906 to 1911. Results 

 of rate of seeding tests have been contradictory, indicating that the proper rate 

 is governed by weather and soil conditions. However, 5 pk. is probably the 

 best rate for average conditions. Early or medium early seeding is usually to 

 be recommended. Fall plowing for spring oats has been found most desirable, 

 and home-grown seed has given better results than seed of the same variety 

 brought from a distance. 



" Spring barley has not given profitable yields, the best variety being the 

 White Hooded, yielding from 5 to 7 bu. in the 6-year average. 



" Proso (broom-corn millet) varieties have produced average yields of 10.7 to 

 13 bu. per acre in tests lasting from 4 to 6 years. 



" The results in tests of corn during the 6-year period show it not to be 

 adapted to the Panhandle country. The best variety, a June corn, yielded ll.S 

 bu., and only 3 varieties exceeded 8 bu. per acre on an average during that 

 time. Omitting the results of 1 season, a locally grown red dent has yielded 

 slightly better than the June corn. 



" The grain sorghums are the most dependable crops that can be grown in the 

 Panhandle. In the 5 years, 1907 to 1911, inclusive, the average yields of all 

 varieties of milo maize were 23.5 bu., while all varieties of dwarf milo maize in 



