VETERINARY MEDICINE. 481 



The author's method consists of rubbing the virulent bacilli, which are grown 

 on potato, with quartz powder and chloroform. The mixture is filtered through 

 cotton previously saturated with chloroform, and kept in a water bath at 40° 

 for from 12 to 18 hours ; during this period the chloroform is changed 2 or 3 

 times. The b;icilli are then collected on a filter (many bacilli are necessary 

 for this process), quickly dried, made into a sodium chlorid suspension, and 

 injected into the abdominal cavity of a rabbit which has been previously in- 

 jected with aleuronat or Mellin's Pood. After 12 hours another injection of 

 aleuronat or Mellin's Food is given. Twelve hours following the last injection 

 the animal is killed and the exudate in the abdominal cavity is drawn aseptl- 

 cally and rubbed for a long time with quartz powder and twice its volume of 

 sodium chlorid solution. A few drops of chloroform are then added and the 

 fluid kept for 24 hours at 37°, after which it is centrifuged and the fluid thus 

 obtained is tested for sterility in doses of 1 cc. per kilogram of body weight 

 (. given subcutaneously ) . 



In most of the vaccinations the subcutaneous and intravenous methods were 

 used. A few intradermal tests such as recommended by Maragliano for man 

 were tried but with negative results. From the tests it could be noted that 

 the agglutinating, precipitating, etc., substances contained in the blood of the 

 vaccinated animals were not very much higher than in those animals artifi- 

 cially infected with virulent tubercle bacilli. The best results were obtained 

 with animals vaccinated according to methods (a) and (e) mentioned above. 

 When vaccinated according to method (e), rapid absorption of vaccines takes 

 place, and when given subcutaneously no local reaction occurs. None of the 

 animals treated by the method became tubercular. 



Immunization ag'ainst tuberculosis, A. N. Borissjak, N. O. Siebeb, and 

 G. J. Metalnikow (Zischr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Then, I, Orig., J2 {1911), 

 No. 1, pp. 65S4)- — It is concluded that the best antigen for the production of 

 antibodies is the wax of tubercle bacilli. Other effective substances are fat- 

 free bacilli and lecithin used alone or together or in admixture with other 

 substances. Tuberculin will not cause the production of antibodies, and when 

 injected together with the wax from tubercle bacilli or fat-free bacilli the pro- 

 duction will be decreased. 



Antibodies obtained by immunizing with tubercle wax and fat-free bacilli 

 act not only against these antigens but also against dead and living bacilli. 

 Immunizing with commercial lecithin produces antibodies for tubercle bacilli 

 and the wax and for fat-free tubercle bacilli, but not for the lecithin itself. 

 Antibodies are also obtained by feeding tubercle bacilli or tubercle wax to 

 guinea pigs. 



Some further experiences with chemotherapy in tuberculosis, Linden (Ahi^. 

 in Internat. Ccnthl. Gesam. Tuherkulose Forsch., 7 (,1912), No. 1, p. ^7). — In 

 collaboration with Finkler, tests were conducted with the salts of hydriodic and 

 hydrochloric acids, methylene blue, copper chlorid, and a coppei -lecithin com- 

 pound against tuberculosis In guinea pigs. 



The life of all the animals seemed to be prolonged, and in the animals treated 

 with copper preparations, marked healing of the tubercular foci was noted. 

 In 2 cases the tubercle bacilli were apparently all destroyed within the animal 

 body, since when these animals were fed with pieces of lung or lymphatic 

 glands, the disease was not reestablished. 



Researches regarding- epizootic abortion of cattle, J. M'Fadyean, A. L. 

 Sheather, and F. C. Minett {Join: Compar. Path, and Ther., 2G {1913), No. 2, 

 pp. 142-170, figs. 12). — The authors' conclusions are as follows: 



