1920] VETERINARY MEDICINE. 83 



made to normal horses. The same was true of a third generation culture. 

 We believe, therefore, that we have cultivated the virus of infectious anemia. 



"The pathological findings and the anatomical findings in the hor.ses in- 

 oculated with pure cultures or the organism correspond with those occurring 

 in spontaneously infected horses. The infectivity of the blood from horses 

 with infectious anemia disappears in 120 days when kept in the incubator at 

 37° C, but when transferred to the third generation during 130 days it con- 

 tinued viable. Cross immunity tests showed that the virus obtained in culture 

 is identical with that found in the blood of infected horses. Neither the virus 

 nor cultures confers complete immunity. 



" The spirochetes were detected in the post-mortem material and in the 

 peripheral blood of horses infected with the organism. Pfeiffer's reaction was 

 positive. The organisms cultivated have the features characteristic of spi- 

 rochetes. Colonies of peculiar characteristics formed on Noguchi's media. 

 The organism belongs to the group of spirochetes. The spirochete is filterable. 

 The organism is difficult to differentiate from SpiroclHVta equi.''' 



A comparative study of the long bones in infectious equine anemia and 

 other conditions, L. H. Weight {Jour. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 56 {1920), No. 

 5, pp. 444-447). — A paper presented at the fifty-sixth annual meeting of the 

 American Veterinary Medical Association, held at New Orleans in November, 

 1919. 



Investigations on piroplasmosis of the horse in 1917, P. Knuth, P. 

 Behn, and P. Schulze {Ztschr. Veterinark.. 30 {WIS), No. 6, pp. 241-264. pls. 

 3, figs. 9). — This is a report of investigations conducted at a special laboratory 

 erected in Macedonia in 1917 with a view to determining whether army horses 

 affected with piroplasmosis might not introduce ticks and piroplasma on their 

 return to Germany. 



Two forms of piroplasms in horses were distinguished, NuttalUa equi and 

 {Piroplasma) Babesia caballi. Fifteen forms of ticks were found in Mace- 

 donia, of which 12 were taken from the horse. Dermacentor reticiiiatus was 

 found in the spring on horses suffering from piroplasmosis and is thought to be 

 the transmitter of piroplasmosis. Rhipicephalus bursa and R. sanguineus, 

 particularly the former, are suspected of transmitting nuttalliosis. Hyalomma 

 (vgyptium was the only other form found on affected animals. 



Borna disease in mules. — A contribution to the knowledge of Borna dis- 

 ease, G. Di DoMizio {Ciin. Vet. [Milan], Rass. Polizia Sanit. e Ig., 42 {1919), 

 No. 15-16, pp. 445-480, figs. 4; abs. in Vet. Rev., 4 {1920), No. 1, pp. 29, 30).— 

 This is an account of the occurrence of Borna disease among mules in the 

 Dolomites, where it also attacks horses and asses. In addition to the acute 

 form there is a subacute type in the mule that lasts for 20 to 40 days, with 

 spinal symptoms more marked than in the same disease of the horse. The 

 author opposes the view that this disease in the mule is a forage poisoning, 

 and holds that it is an infectious disease due probably to a filterable virus. 

 Further, it is not a meningitis, but essentially an encephalitis and myelitis, 

 with disseminated lymphocytosis. 



Transmission of canine piroplasmosis in France by Dermacentor retic- 

 ulatus. — Parasitic emboli in the capillaries of the encephalon, E. Brumpt 

 {Bui. Soc. Path. Exot., 12 {1919), No. 9, pp. 651-664, figs. 4).— French canine 

 piroplasmosis is transmitted by the adult offspring of D. reticulatus females 

 which have ingested virulent blood. Adult offspring of infected females which 

 have developed as larvae and nymphs on refractory animals, such as the hedge- 

 hog and the guinea pig, can transmit the infection. The larvje and nymphs 

 do not appear to transmit the disease even when they are the offspring of 

 infected females; and, when they have ingested virulent blood, do not appear 



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