1020] SOILS FERTILIZERS. 125 



extracts. One gni. of each treatment was added to 1 kp. of soil, the soil 

 saturated with distilled water, and leached with 3 liters of water in 500 cc. 

 portions after standing two days. A second leaching was made after another 

 period of 15 days. Both extracts were then analyzed. The more prominent 

 results ohtained are sununarized as follows: 



In general the silica of the alkaline soils was found to be more soluble than 

 that of the acid soils. Results for the first leachings varied, but less silica 

 was found in the second teachings from the treatments than in the checks as 

 the rula "With but two exceptions all the treatments increased the quanti- 

 ties of phosphorus in all the extracts. 



The acid radicals of the salts potassium chlorid, calcium sulphate, sodium 

 chlorid, and sodium nitrate appeared in the tirst extracts in relatively great*M- 

 quantities than the basic radicals, and their combinations were readily leached 

 from the soils; the second extracts contained only small quantities of these 

 acid radicals. This was not the case with calcium carbonate and the phos- 

 phates. 



The basic radicals of the salts potassium chlorid, calcium sulphate, sodium 

 chlorid, and sodium nitrate occurred in the second extracts in considerable 

 quantities, but only to a small extent in the chemical combinations added. Move 

 calcium was found in the second extracts than in the first in case of the 

 hydraled lime, tricalcium phosphate (excei)t one instance), monocalclum i)hos- 

 phate, and calcium Carbonate treatments. p]xcepting one case, more calcium was 

 found in the extracts from the calcium carbonate treatments than the hydrated 

 lime treatments. All the treatments excepting tricalcium phosphate increased 

 the quantities of magnesium in the first extracts, as did treatments of hydrated 

 lime, monocalcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate in the second extracts. 

 Other magnesium results varied considerably. Potassium chlorid, monocalcimn 

 phosphate, and calcium carbonate increased the quantities of sodium found 

 In all the extracts. A considerable variation was noted in case of the other 

 treatments. The general effect of the treatments other than potassium chlorid 

 was to depress the quantities of potassium in the extracts. 



Quantities of iron and aluminum were markedly increased in the second 

 extracts by the phosphates, calcium carbonate, sodium nitrate, and calcium 

 sulphate. Monocalcium phosphate increased the iron and aluminum in the 

 first extracts, and aluminum was also increased in these portions by hydrated 

 lime, sodium chlorid, and calcium carbonate. The quantities of fixed carbon 

 dioxid were in general reduced in the tirst extracts, except in case of the 

 hydrated lime and calcium carbonate treatments, Avhile this component was 

 markedly increased in the second extracts by all ti'eatments. 



A list of 33 references to literature bearing on the subject is ai^peuded. 



Action and use of new fertilizers, Schneidewind (Jahrb. Dent. Landw. 

 OeselL, 3Jf (I'JJ!)), No. 2, pp. 305-S13).—A summary is given of a number of. 

 exi)eriments with new nitrogenous, phosphatic, and potassic fertilizers in Ger- 

 many under M'artime conditions with different crops on ^vet and dry sand soils 

 and loess loam stiils. 



It was found that artificial sodium nitrate .and calcium nitrate gave as good 

 peneral results as Chilean nitrate. They can be effectively applied in the spring 

 before planting to all common crops, and are especially fitted for use as top- 

 dressings. Next to these in effectiveness were the potash and sodium-ammonium 

 nitrates, which also gave good results as top-dressings. Synthetic ammonium sul- 

 phate, sodium-ammonium sulphate, ammonium chlorid, ammonium nitrate, and 

 the different urea compr)unds gave ai)proximately as good results as common 

 ammonium sulphate, and it is recommended that they be used in the same 



k 



