1920] DISEASES OF PLANTS. 155 



[Apple] fungus diseases and their treatment, J. Fakkell (Jour. Dcpt. Ayr. 

 Victuriu, 11 (0)19), Nos. 3, pp. 148-157, fiys. 6; 5, pp. 287-2U5, figs. J,; 8, pp. UU- 

 46S, figs. 6). — In addition to reports on experience witii animals detrimental to 

 apple-growing interests, the author gives an account of such injurious diseases 

 as bhick spot {Venturia inwqualis) ; of the effects of remedies in tliis connec- 

 tion, including injuries to the fruit; of root fungus (Armdllaria mellea) ; of 

 fungi attacking immature apples in storage or transit, including bitter rot 

 (Glaosporium fructigenum), moldy rot, and moldy core {Pcnicillium glaucum) ; 

 crinkle; bitter pit; Jonathan spot and freckles; Jonathan scald; and sleepi- 

 ness. 



Shothole fungi which affect cherry trees, H. J. Daewent [Jour. Dept. Agr. 

 So. Anst., 23 (1919), No. 1, p. 31). — Spraying tests against shothole fungi on 

 cherry trees gave perfect control with Bordeaux, fair success with Burgundy 

 8i)ray, and no benefit from the use of lime sulphur. 



Diseases and insect pests of blackberries, loganberries, and strawberries, 

 A. Frank (Washington Sta., We^t Wash. Sta. Mo. Bui., 8 {1920), No. 1, pp. 14~ 

 16, figs. 2). — Notes are given on anthracnose, gall, and orange rust of black- 

 berries and loganberries, and on leaf spot, mildew, and Ilhizoctonia of straw- 

 berries, together with suggestions for their control. Brief accounts are also 

 given of insect pests attacking these crops. 



Fungus diseases [of cranberry plants], H. J. Franklin (Massachusetts 

 Sta. Bui. 192 (1919), pp. 105-111). — The investigations of cranberry diseases 

 were carried on in cooperation with the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bu- 

 reau of Plant Industry, and consisted mainly in experiments for the control of 

 various diseases through spraying, attention to the flooding of the bogs, etc. 



Copper sulphate added to the June flowage in 1917 was without positive re- 

 sults. Arsenate of lead proved to have positive fungicidal value when sprayed 

 on plants of the Early Black variety, but the specific fungi affected by the 

 treatment were not determined. Blackleaf 40 tested in 1917-18 gave no evi- 

 dence of disease control. 



Several bogs were seriously affected by rose bloom due to Exobasidium o.ry- 

 cocci, the greatest damage being done to the late varieties. Flooding the bogs 

 in June and after 46 hours withdrawing the "water and drying the plants killed 

 the diseased shoots in all parts of the bog. Spraying with Scalecide was with- 

 out benefit. Iron sulphate applied in sufficient strength to prevent the develop- 

 ment of the diseased shoots is considered a practicable means of control. At- 

 tention to the flooding of the bogs apparently offers the most satisfactory means 

 of control, as the author reports that he has never found rose bloom on bogs 

 regularly reflowed after picking. 



Notes are given of the diseases due to Sporonema oxycocci, Fusicoccum putre- 

 faciens, and Glomerella cingulata raccinii in relation to their control by-flooding. 



Copper fungicides for vine diseases, F. de Castella (Jour. Dept. Agr. Vic- 

 toria, n (1919), Nos. 2, pp. lOJf-112; 8, pp. 483-489).— A discussion is given of 

 the constitution, preparation, chemistry, and properties of copper fungicides, 

 with practical directions for their employment. 



Burgundy mixture as usually prepared locally is said to show several serious 

 defects. The precipitate is apt to contain copper in the carbonate form. While 

 this possesses fungicidal power, the basic sulphate form is preferable, as this 

 gives greater stability, less scalding of the foliage, and greater fungicidal 

 capacity. Burgundy mixture differs radically from Bordeaux mixture, in which 

 excess of lime does not present the same undesirable features. 



A discussion is also given regarding the properties and cost of both basic and 

 neutral copper acetates. 

 185972°— 20 5 



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