1020] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 161 



Tlie author records r)4,(XK) moths as caught during the year hy a 2r»-candle- 

 power electric trap-light placed in a seed-store. Investigations of the destruc- 

 tion of larvie in the seed by heaf, as is now required of ginners by law, show 

 perfect germination to be obtained from seed treated at temperatures of Go to 

 69" C. (14!) to ir)6.2° F.). It is recommended that, in view of these results, 

 pinners employing lieat treatment work their uiuchiues for temperatures of 

 GO to G50 C, rather than from Ho to GO" C. 

 A hihiiogrnphy of 5 pages is incliidtMl. 



Some data on codling moth control in the Grand Junction district in 

 Colorado, C. P. Gillette and G. M. List (Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. ScL, 39 (1919), 

 pp. 113-123. fifix. .'i). — This is a report of investigations conducted in the Grand 

 Valley in Colorado. 



Attention is lirst called to the fact that while entomologists in other States 

 report as high as 90 to 95 per cent of worm-free apples as a result of two or 

 three applications of arsenical poison, growers in some of the orchard sections 

 of Colorado seldom get better than 70 or SO per cent worm-free apples after 5. 

 6, or even 7 thorough sprayings, it being the usual thing for growers in the 

 lower Grand Valley to make this number of applications for codling-moth con- 

 trol. The more -important conclusions arrived at as a result of the data pre- 

 sented are as follows : 



"The climatic cimditions at Grand .Tunction ai*e very favorable for the develr 

 opment of the codling moth, and especially for carrying a large brood of worms 

 over winter, extending the time of moth emergence so as to cause a coiisideral)le 

 overlapping of the first and second bi'oods. The tendency of tlie larval broods 

 to overlap is increased liy sudden low temperatures, often lasting several days, 

 after the moths of the first spring brood have begun to lay eggs. There is 

 normally a partial, and sometimes a considerable, portion of a third brood of 

 the codling moth in the Grand Junction section, which materially increases the 

 number of worms to enter the apples about the last of August and during 

 September. The failure to get satisfactory control of this insect by spraying 

 is not due to failure in making good calyx spray in the better careil for 

 orchards, but to the abundance of the insect and its continuous performance 

 throughout the growing season. 



"The greatest need of the orchardists in this section is a reliable chart that 

 will show the rise and fall in numbers of larv.ne hatching throughout the sum- 

 mer, which would fix the best dates to spray, but this can be satisfactorily 

 accompli shell only by a competent entomologist in the field throughout the 

 summer. 



" The codling moth imder present conditions can not be well controlled in 

 the lower Grand Valley in Colorado by means of a calyx spray and one or two 

 cover sprays. Burlap Itands properly applied and attended are a very important 

 aid, and will lessen the late brood by fully 30 to 40 per cent. Stings or shallow 

 burrows through the skin of the apple are nearly all due to worms being 

 poisoned while attempting to enter the fruit that has been given a poisonous 

 cover spray." 



European corn borer in broom com, W. R. "Walton (Jour. Econ. Ent.. 13 

 (1920), No. 1, p. llfl). — From 1 to 5 per cent of the stalks of broom corn in a 

 shipment of 97 bales, each weighing about 200 lbs., which originated in the 

 territory of Venetia, northern Italy, was found upon receipt at New York in 

 Feoruary, 1920, to be infested by the European corn borer (Pyransta nuhilalis 

 Hubn ) . 



IMcthod of procedure in pink bollworm eradication work in Texas, E. E. 

 School (.Jour. Echii. Ent.. 13 (1920), lYo. 1, pp. .W-.'/}, pJ. /).— This is an account 

 of the eradication work with Pcctinophora (loftsupicUa carried on in Texa.s. 



