1920] VETERINARY MEDICINE. 473 



theilcri, the preparations at hand do not permit the author to place it definitely 

 as that sptx'ies. 



The toll of tuberculosis in live stock, J. A. Kiernan and L. B. Eunkst 

 (/'. S. Dept. A(jr. Yearbook 1919, pp. 277-288, figs. 3).— The importance of 

 . r.idifating tul)erculosis in live stock is pointed out and the accredited-herd 

 {ilaii briefly considered. Tlie benefits to be derived from tuberculosis-free herds 

 are emphasized. 



Methods of eradication of bovine tuberculosis, J. G. Wills (Cornell Vet., 

 10 {1920), No. 2, pp. 79-82). — The author discusses the advantages and disad- 

 vantages of various systems in operation for the eradication of bovine tuber- 

 ( ulosis. The.se include the Bang, 0.stertag, Manchester, physical examination. 

 State control, and accredited herd methods. The accredited herd plan, while 

 posse.ssing certain disadvantages, is considered by the author to be the most 

 attractive method so far devised. 



The accredited herd plan for the control of bovine tuberculosis, H. B. 

 Leonard (Cornell Vet., 10 (1920), No. 2, pp. 75-79).— A brief discussion of the 

 .srope, operation, and value of the accredited herd plan for the control of 

 bovine tuberculosis. 



Vaccination against typhoid fever by ingestion, A. Besredka (Ann. Inst. 

 Pasteur, HS (1919). No. 12, pp. 882-903). — This is a report of the author's ex- 

 periments on the vaccination of rabbits against typhoid fever by the ingestion 

 of heated cultures of the organism, preceded by the ingestion of bile. A pre- 

 liminary note on the same subject has been previously noted from another 

 source (E. S. R., 40, p. 83). 



The immunity acquired in this way is said to appear with great rapidity and 

 to be much more lasting than that obtained by subcutaneous vaccination, cor- 

 responding more closely to the immunity acquired by an attack of the disease. 



A fatal unidentified cattle disease in New York State, J. K. Bosshabt 

 and W. A. Hagan (Cornell Vet., 10 (1920), No. 2, pp. 102-113).— Tho authors 

 here deal with a peculiar disease among cattle which has caused considerable 

 loss each fall in New York for the past three years, 11 cases having been ob- 

 served in 1917, 17 in 1918, and 73 in 1919. These cases have been reported 

 with the provisional diagnosis of hemorrhagic septicemia, but at no time have 

 findings been made in the laboratory which would substantiate this diagnosis. 



In part 1 (pp. 102-105) J. K. Bosshart reports upon the clinical manifesta- 

 tions, and in part 2 (pp. 10.5-113) W. A. Hagan deals with the pathology and 

 studies in attempts at making a diagno.sis. 



Orchard horse disease, ,1. W. Kalkus (Amer. Jour. Vet. Med., 15 (1920). 

 No. //, pp. 139-1 Jiff, figs. 8). — This is a report of investigations made by the 

 Washington Experiment Station of a di.sease that has been causing considerable 

 loss of horses in certain .sections of the State, where it occurs in enzootic 

 form in the irrigated apple, orchard districts. The disease is known locally 

 by various names, such as orchard horse disease, orchard poisoning, alfalfad 

 horseis, arsenate of lead poisoning, thick-winded horses, etc. The affection ap- 

 pears to have been little known prior to the last three years, within which 

 time it has increas(>d to an alarming extent. It is now claimed by many that 

 it is practically impo.ssible to keep a horse for any great length of time on 

 an irrigated orchard tract, where orchard-grown hay is fed, without the animal 

 contracting the disease. 



In general, the symptoms are either acute or chronic. In the acnte form the 

 di.sease manifests itself suddenly and resembles very much a typical case of 

 respiratory influenza. There is usually an elevation of temperature varying 

 from 102° to 104.5° P., but in the majority of cases, the temperature does not 

 rise higher than 103°. The pulse is accelerated, 60 to 80 beats per minute, 



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