1920] RURAL ECONOMICS. 393 



Cotton production was stimulated materially by prevailing high prices. Ine 

 yields and farm values of all crops grown are recorded, and special reports 

 are given relating to cotton, alfalfa, wlieat and barley, miscellaneous crops, 

 and live stock industries for the year. 



Our basic industry, America's agricultural prosperity (New York: Guar- 

 anty Trust Co. [1!)20], pp. 16, figs. 10). — This is an adaptation with special ref- 

 erence to the Importance of agriculture in the problem of extending credits 

 to P]urope of material noted from another source (E. S. R., 43, p. 92). 



Britisli crop production, E. J. Kussell {Nature [London], 105 {1920), Nos. 

 2632, pp. 176-178; 26S3, pp. 206-208). — This article discusses the re'.ative merits 

 and costs of different types of farming in Great Britain, and presents data 

 on the production and consumption of the more important crops of the country 

 with a view to pointing out how the demands xipon British agriculture may be 

 met. The problem is considered as resolving itself into the development of a 

 system of husbandry which suits the natural conditions equally as well as grass 

 farming, and is also as productive of total wealth as arable crops. It is believed 

 that in the future development of British agriculture combinations of crops 

 best suited to particular conditions will be worked out, the yield and feeding 

 value of each crop will be increased by the proper use of artificial fertilizers, 

 and possibly also greater improvement will be achieved through plant breeding. 



Italy's efforts to stimulate agricultural i)roduction, H. C. MacLkan {U. S. 

 Dept. Com., Com. Rpts., No. 112 {1920), pp. 868-^73).— Statistics are given for 

 Italy's total imports and exports and imports of cereals and flour, 1913-1918, 

 showing the excess of imports over exports and the relative importance of 

 cereals with regard to the trade balance; also for production and imports of 

 grains in 1913, and of wheat from 1910-1919. Factors affecting agriculture 

 and governn:ent measures to increase the grain acreage are discussed, including 

 official measures for the importation of agricultural implements, encourage- 

 ment of motor cultivation, requisitioning of fertilizers, facilitation of agricul- 

 tural credit, and price fixing on wheat. 



The future grain supply of Austria-Hungary, D. Fakag6 {Die Zukiinftigo 

 GctreidevciKorgung Ocsterreicli-Ungarns. Belgrade: Govt., 1917, pp. 28). — In 

 this publication, issued in 1917, attention is directed to statistics of grain con- 

 eumption in Austria-Hungary and the allotment of the grain crop to liuman 

 needs, live stock feediHg, and industrial purposes, respectively. It is urged that 

 the use of commercial feeds and the curtailing of brewing and distilling indus- 

 tries are imperative in order to insure satisfaction of human needs. Govern- 

 ment regulation of grain marketing is recommended, and what the author 

 considers some outstanding policies for a program of control are outlined. 



Economics of wheat production in South Africa, H. Wolfe {So. African 

 Jour. Indus., 3 {1920), No. 3, pp. 207-216). — I^conomic factors that lay charges 

 on South African wheat additional to world prices or to that of Australian 

 wheat are discussed here, namely, the marginal productivity of the South 

 African wheat land, the protective tariff on wheat, preferential railroad rates, 

 and costs of tran.sportatiou. It is maintained that the South African farmer 

 Is not to be recommended to increase wheat production imder existing condi- 

 tions of competition, trans-portation, labor, productivity of i\w land, and credit. 



Farm allo4:nients and farm laborers' allotments in the Delhi States land 

 settlement {Sacramento, Cat.: State Land Settlement Bd., 1920, pp. S, pi. 1). — 

 In this pamioidet is offered information pertinent to the settlement of an area 

 of about 8,000 acres in INIerced County, Cal. A map is given showing a subdi- 

 visional plan of the first unit of a settlement. 



Cooperative credit institutions in the United States, J. B. Mokman {.Ann. 

 Amcr. Acad. Polit. and Soc. ScL, 87 {1920), No. 176, pp. 172-182).— This discus- 



