1^201 VETERINARY MEDICINE. 585 



Clinical rosoarchcs upon equine infectious anemia, E. Frohner (Monatsh. 

 Prakt. Ticrhcill;., 29 (IIHD), No. 9-10, pp. SS5-J,05 ; abs. in Vet. liec, 32 {1D20), 

 No. 1660, p. 510, pi. 1, fig. 1). — The epizootic which appeared in 1917-18 in 

 Posen, Silesia, and East Prussia constituted a septicemia sui generis, which is 

 transmissible to healthy horses through the injection of blood and which may be 

 considered as infectious anemia. Its etiology remains unknown, and it is also 

 uncertain whether there is an identity between the disease observed on the 

 eastern front U>r and the westei-n German frontier with the anemia observed 

 in France, America, and Japan. According to the experiences on the eastern 

 frontier, in America, and in Japan, it seems probable that infection is caused 

 by the puncture of insects (Stomoxids, Tabanids). On the western frontier, 

 luiwever, the disease seemed to be a contagion in the stable, due to a filterable 

 virus. Moreover, from the negative results of attempts at infection by contact, 

 and from some diversity in the symptoms, it may be supposed that the dis- 

 ease in the West is not identical with that found on the eastern frontier. 



Etiiiine anemia appears to have no relation with pernicious anemia of man 

 (absence of poikilocytosis and of erytlirocytosis). The diagnosis presented 

 great didiculty, the principal clinical symptoms of anemic mucous membranes 

 and fever often being absent. No constant characteristic hematological appear- 

 ances existed, only anisocytosis and lymphocytosis being found. Exact examina- 

 tions of the blood were not possible in practice, and thus the anatomo-pathologi- 

 cal results were often negative, especially fn chronic cases. The only certain 

 means of diagnosis is the injection of blood into healthy horses. The differ- 

 ential diagnosis is very difficult, because generally not a few secondary anemias 

 are comprised under the name of infectious anemia. The author concludes that 

 in view of the difficulties of the clinical and anatomo-pathological diagnosis, 

 and our very limited knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of the dis- 

 ease, its conrpulsoi-y notification is not advisable for the present. 



A contribution to the study of habroneniiasis: A clinical, pathological, 

 and experimental investigation of a granulomatous condition of the horse, 

 habronemic granuloma, L. B. Bult. {Roy. Soc. So. Aust. Trans., J/S (1919), 

 pp. 85-l.'fI, pis. 3; nhH. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 8 {1920), Ser. B, ^o. 3, pp. 51, 52).— 

 The evidence is said to indicate that the house fly acts as the intermediate 

 host of certain sin-cies of Habronema, the larvje of which cause a granuloma- 

 tous condition generally affecting tlie external mucous membranes of the horse 

 in South Australia. When deposited on the external mucous membrane the 

 larvae are apparently able to penetrate to the submucosa. An account is given 

 of the life histories of Habronema mnscw, H. megastoma, and H. microstoma. 



The prophylaxis of joint evil in foals, W. Scott {Vet. Rcc., 32 {1920), No. 

 16.'i8, pp. 373-375). — This is a report of the observations of the author and 

 three other practitioners regarding the prophylactic treatment of joint-ill by 

 the following method : 



"Active imnuniization of the pregnant mother, invariably at or as near as 

 possible the nintli month, with a polyvalent vaccine composed of streptococci 

 and staphylococci and Bacillus coli. 



" Passive innnunization of the foal at birth with antistreptococcal plus 

 nntistaphylococcal plus anticolic sera, by subcutaneous and intra-umbilical 

 injections." 



Three injections of the pregnant mare with the vaccine and two injections of 

 the foal (at 10 days' interval) with byperinunune sera are recommended as 

 the only safe moans of acquiring immunity. 



Infectious abortion disease of swine, J. Traum {Siriiic World, 8 {1920), 

 Vo. 1, pp. 208, 209, 211, 212, figs. 3).— This is a practical discussion of this dis- 



