1920] AGRICULTUHAL CHEMISTRY AGKOTECIINY. 507 



the rec^ular pntfedure for veiretahle-ta lined leathers. The technique of the 

 method is descril)ed in detail, and the comparative results are reported of analy- 

 st's of fif^lit taniiiiii,' materials hy this and the oflicial niothofl. 



The iodonu'trlc estiination of suRurs, H. M. Judd (Jiioclioii. .four., Uf 

 (IH^O), Xo. 2, pp. 2.'>.')-262). — A eritieal examination is reported of various modi- 

 tications of tlu' iodomctric metlKxl for the estimation of sufjars, including tliose 

 of r.dii.-ault (K. S U., 37, p. 714), ("olin and LiOvin (K. S. II., 40, p. Ill), and 

 Willsiiittcr and Schudel (E. S. R., 40, p. 312). 



Wliile none of these methods gave quantitative results, It was found that 

 with either the method of Colin and Liftvin or that of Willstatter and Schudel 

 a dehnite weisihl of iodin always reacted with a fjiven weight of glucose inde- 

 pendently of the amount of alkali or other sugars present in the solution. 

 This was al.so found to he true of fructose and of other sugars, each having its 

 own characteristic iodin value. Sucrose was not oxidized under the conditions 

 of the experiniHiit, while lactos(> and maltose were both oxidized, lactose reciuir- 

 ing twice as much iodin as maltose. 



" It is therefore possible, using either of the above methods, to calculate from 

 the copper-reducing power of a solution containing glucose and fructose, and 

 from its action on iodin in alkaline solution, the anioxint of each sugar present 

 In the solution." 



Effect of vjirying the amount of inoculnin and concentration on the de- 

 terioration of snmar by molds, X. KorELOiK {Jour. InduK. and En<iin. Chcni., 

 12 {1920). A«. 5, pp. .'/J.J-.J.77').— This is a report of a further investigation at 

 the Louisiana Sugar Experiment Station of the influence of the amount of in- 

 oculum and concentration on the deterioration of sugar by molds, the method 

 of procedure being the same as that outlined in the previous report (E. S. R., 

 42, p. 803) with the exception that the incubation period was extended to 5.5 

 months. 



The results previously reported were entirely corroborated. An increase in 

 deterioration of the sugar resulted from an increase in number of mold spores 

 and from a decrease in concentration of the films surrounding the sugar crys- 

 tals. From the data obtained, a table has been constructed showing the dete- 

 rioration which may be expected from a definite number of molds in sugars of 



known moisture ratio. This indicates that at moisture ratiosf — r- -^ — - — j 



\100-polanzation / 



of less than 0.18, there is little if any, deterioration with a mold infection of less 



than 5,000 spores per gram. A larger number of .spores will cause deterioration. 



At moisture ratios above 0.18 deterioration occurs with 100 or more spores per 



gram. 



Some temperature experiments in clarification, H. S. W.\LKFni (Intcruatl. 

 Sugar Jour., 21 {191!)), No. 2')2, pp. ()ii-6i.3).— Experiments are reported which 

 indicate that the loss in purity in limed and heated cane .sugar juices kepi in 

 well insulated settling tanks can be avoided by lowering the initial tempera- 

 ture of the tanks to 180° F. Formalin was found to be of no value in pre- 

 venting loss in purity. It is estimated that the yearly loss in purity from 

 clarification at too high temperatures is fairly serious, and should be prevented 

 by conducting the clarification at as low a temperature as possible and reheat- 

 ing the clarified juice just before it enters the evaporator. 



Molasses as an index of inversion in manufacture, F. I. Scard {Intcrnatl. 

 Sugar Jour., 21 {lUl'J), No. 252, pp. 60-'i. 603).— To determine tlie amount of in- 

 version occurring in the process of cane sugar manufacture, the author recom- 

 mends the following method : 



"Take a known quantity of molasses, clarify by means of the ordinary (nf.t 

 the basic) lead acetate, and sulphate of soda, and make up to known bulk. 

 9846°— 20 2 



