554 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. [Vol.43 



the chemotrnpic a^'cnt employed. In the majority of instances males pn^lomi- 

 nated over females, but in no case where the number of individuals of a spiH-ios 

 attracted exceeded 20 was tlie di'-prcporlion greater than 2.9 to 1 female. 

 Rhyphus punctatus, Hylemyia striyosa and Calliphora erythrocephala were the 

 dominant species attracted." 



A bibliography of 30 titles is included. 



[Insect control work in Texas] (Ann. Rpt. Commr. Agr. Tex., 11 {1918), 

 pp. 50-53, 63-79). — Brief accounts are given of tlie Argentine ant eradication 

 campaign and work with the cottony cushion scale, by N. D. Zuber, and a 

 detailed report of work against the pink boUworm, by E. E. School (pp. 63-79). 



Insect pests [in the West Indies in 1918] (West Indian Bui., 18 (1920), 

 No. 1-2, pp. 39-58). — Tliis is a report upon the occurrence of insect pests in the 

 West Indies during 1918, the subject being dealt witli under the headings of 

 crops attacked. 



Experiments on borer control, J. P. Stewart (Pennsylvania Sta. Rpt. 1916, 

 pp. 56, 57). — In control work with borers, soiue 20 different kinds of materials 

 were tested as coatings for the bases of tree trunks to prevent the attacks of 

 borers and other enemies. This work was started on apples in 1909 in an 

 experimental orchard at the college, and was extended to peaches in 1910 in an 

 orchard near Bellefonte. 



Thus far, the w'ork has shown that " the following materials are either worth- 

 less or unfit for use on apple or peach : Whitewash, slater's cement, rubber 

 rooting cement, w^ater-gas tar, refined water-gas tar, Barrett coal tar, heavy 

 creosoting oil, and dead oil. The whitewash is safe and probably useful while 

 it lasts, but it flakes off much too quickly, especially on young trees wliich are 

 swayed by the wind. The various tars make good and effective coatings, but 

 they have proved decidedly injurious both on the apple and the peach, although 

 it has sometimes required three or four seasons for the injury to appear. Tlie 

 latter fact probably accounts for some of the favorable recommendations that 

 have appeared concerning tar applications in the past. 



" Of the other materials under test, white lead and oil had proved distinctly 

 injurious to the peach, b'lt we have applied it annually on apples for seven years 

 with no apparent injury except for the development of some abnormal roughen- 

 ing on the bark. This paint also has made an apparently effective coating 

 against apple borers and is easily maintained. Raw linseed oil is used, without 

 any turpentine or any other additional material. In general, however, lime- 

 sulphur is likely to be safer and fully as eflicient, if renewed often enough." 



The other materials that are still under test on apples and peaches ami 

 appear to be the most promising are .\veuarius carbolineum ; dense lime sulphur; 

 and the various asphaltum compounds. " The gas tar, the Borene paste, and | 

 the lead and oil paint have all given very severe injury on the peach, and also, * 

 rather unexpectedly to us, the lime-sulphur sludge has apparently resulted in 

 some injury on this fruit during the past year." 



Fruit tree borers and their control, W. C. Gillespie {Pennsylvania Sta. 

 Rpt. 1916, pp. 533-553, pis. Jf). — Summarized accounts are given of the more im- 

 portant borers attacking fruit trees, including control measures. In experi- 

 ments with the peach tree borer, one of which w'as conducted at Tarentum 

 and another at State College, one season's test indicates that the asphaltum 

 compounds, the dense lime-sulphur solutions, and the Avenarius carbolineunK' 

 are the most promising. 



The effects of the freeze of February 3-4, 1917, on the insect pests and 

 mites on citrus, W. W. Yothers {Fla. Buggist, 1 {1917), No. S, pp. 30-35, 38- 

 40). — In discussing the effects of the freeze of February 2-4, 1917, upon citrus 



