(555 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.43 



account the author is led to believe that the name of the potato scab organism 

 should be A. scabies and not A. cliromogenus. 



A new stem rot and wilt of tomatoes, R. E. Stonk {Phytopathology, 9 

 (1919), No. 7, pp. 290-298, figs. 2). — The author I'eports the occurrence of stem 

 rot and wilt of tomatoes growing in the greenhouses at the Massachusetts Ex- 

 periment Station in January, 1919. By February 20, fully 50 per ceut of the 

 diseased plants had wilted. The first symptom of the disease was the appear- 

 ance of gray, slightly sunken spots on the stems, often beginning about an old 

 leaf scar as a center. The lesions enlarge slowly until the stem is girdled and 

 the upper part of the plant wilted. The causal organism was found to be a 

 species of Botrytis, and inoculation experiments were successfully performed, 

 using pure cultures of the organism. Since infection took place only under 

 exceptionally humid conditions, it is thought that proper ventilation of green- 

 houses will control this disease. 



Effect of spraying on early ripening of tomato fruit, F. J. Pritchabd and 

 W. B. Clark (Phytopathology, 9 (1919), No. 7, pp. 289-291, fig. 1).—A summary 

 is given of spraying experiments carried on in cooperation with the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture and the experiment stations of Maryland, New 

 Jersey, Indiana, and Virginia, which are held to indicate that spraying does 

 not materially affect the early ripening of tomato fruit. The average yield 

 of early fruit from the 14 fields which were sprayed was somewhat higher from 

 the sprayed plats than from the unsprayed ones. 



Concerning spoilage of vegetables in transit and storage, F. C. Meieb 

 (N. Y. State Dept. Farms and Markets, Foods and Markets, 2 (1920), No. 18, pp. 

 22-25). — This discussion, regarding causes of vegetable diseases (deviations 

 from the normal condition of function or tissue) and regarding the problems 

 of vegetable distribution stressed the qualifications for trained buyers and the 

 need for information that would prevent unnecessary waste of necessities. 



Diseases of fruit and causes of deterioration in transit, O. F. Bukger 

 (N. Y. State Dept. Farms and Markets, Foods and Markets, 2 (1920), No. 18, 

 pp. 12-15). — Discussing diseases and causes of deterioration in fruit mainly as 

 becoming effective during its transportation to market, the author considers 

 those which are apparent when gathered, those which spread in transit due 

 partly at least to improper conditions, and thos^ which will remain harmless for 

 a considerable time if kept at proper temperatures, usually not over 45 or 50° F. 



Fruit diseases and pests, A. C. Allen (Bien. Rpt. Bd. Hart. Oregon, H 

 (1917), pp. 18-21). — Fire blight, though prevalent in Jackson and Josephine 

 Counties, Oreg., for several yeai"s, has always been kept under control. Infection 

 in the severe outbreak of 1916 was not confined to pears, but was exceptionally 

 severe on both Spitzenberg and Newtown apples. Weather conditions favored 

 the blight during the spring. Sulphur in connection with root cleaning appeared 

 to lessen infection when applied as an insect repellant. Oil sprays as repellants 

 are also to be tested out. 



Scab control activities in Jackson County gave gratifying results during 1916. 

 Prune brown rot caused enormous losses in Douglas County, running as high, 

 as 50 per cent in 1915. Winter injury was worse in 1916 than for several years 

 preceding. Mildew was severe in some places. 



Winter injury among fruit trees, J. A. Neilson (Ann. Rpt. Fruit Groivers' 

 Assoc. Ontario, 50 (1918), pp. Jfl-48).— It is stated that the winter of 1917-18 

 was exceptionally severe as regards injury to fruit plantations in all parts 

 of Ontario, thousands of trees being killed and hundreds of thousands being 

 more or less damaged. This discussion deals with the forms and factors in- 



