-'^J DISEASES OF PLANTS. 657 



\i>\\o(\ and measures proniisiiif,' a degree of protection against a recurrence of 

 tlie trouble. 



Winter injury to fruit trees in Canada, 1017-18, W. T. Macoun (.Inn. 

 h'lit. I'umol. and Fruit (Iroiciug Soc. (Juthtx; 1918, pp. .?/-3//).— This information 

 has been notcnl from another source (E. S. R., 40, p. 83o). 



Secretary's report on winter injury, P. Keiu (Ann. Rpt. I'oniol. and Fruit 

 Gron-ing Soc. Quebec, 1918, pp. 54-^«).— As contrasted with trunk and bark in- 

 jury at Ottawa as reported by Mactmn in the paper above noted, the secretary 

 called attention to a considerable injury from root killing as noted in insr)ec- 

 tion tours of the Province of Quebec following the unusual winter weather 

 of 1017-18. 



Winter injury [to orchards], W. T. IM.\couN (Rap. Ann. Soc. Pomol. Cult. 

 Fruitii'rc, I'nn:. Quebec, 191S, pp. Ji5-o2). — An account in some detail with dis- 

 cussion is given of the injury referred to in the comnmnications above noted. 



Protection of grape against parasites by cultural methods, J. Capus 

 (Rev. Vitic., 4S (1918), Nos. 12^8, pp. 3^0-344; 1250, pp. S7//-57S).— This ac- 

 count deals with OTdiuni and two rots of grape, besides animal parasites. 



The action of sulphur on grape Okliuni, J. Capus (Rev. Vitic, 49 (1918), 

 No. 1258, pp. 81, 82). — It is concluded from observations cited that sulphur is 

 not a dependable control for Oldium during all sorts of weather in any degree 

 comparable to the elTects of the standard copper fungicides. 



Grape downy mildew in Vienne, 1918, Labkkgekii: (Rev. Vitic, 49 (1918), 

 No. 1262, pp. 145, 146). — This is a discussion of plant disease conditions as re- 

 latefl to the shortage of labor in 1918. 



Grape downy mildew and overflows,- 1918, J. Capus (Rev. Vitic., 49 

 (1918), No. 1254, pp. 21-23).— This deals with the probable relations between 

 grape downy mildew and unusually dry weather or floods as noted in the 

 summer of 1918. 



Pruning against grape downy mildew, R. Salomon (Rev. Vitic., 48 (1918), 

 No. 1237, pp. nO-172). — Choice of stocks should be limited to those well adapted 

 as regards climate and soil, and resistant naturally to diseases. Growth 

 should be so controlled that copper sprays may readily reach ail parts which 

 are susceptible to downy mildew. 



Treatment of grape downy mildew and black rot, J. Capus (Rev. Vitic, 

 48 (1918), No. 1244, pp. 273-279).— Thin discussion includes the theory and 

 practice of treatments for downy mildew and black rot as regards the time, 

 period, or number of treatments and the composition of sprays. The concen- 

 trations recommended include 2 per cent of copi)er for both Bordeaux and 

 Burgundy mixture, with lime or .soda at 1 per cent or higher. 



Time and dosage for the last downy mildew treatment, J. Capus (Rev. 

 Vitic, 49 (1918), No. 1257, pp. 70, 71).— It is stated that circumstances outlined 

 determine the dosage and time of the concluding treatment for grape downy 

 mildew. 



The action of rain on sprays, J. Capus (Rev. Vitic, 48 (1918), No. 1231, pp. 

 65-71). — Discussion of experience during several years related to the question 

 as to the advisability of spraying just before, during, or just after a rain, leads 

 to the conclusion that the best time to spray is just before the incidence of the 

 spores, which in spring (April-May) is during a period of precipitation. In 

 June and July, the spray should be used in the period elapsing between the 

 first appearance of mildew and the rain which determines the contamination. 

 In case this plan is followed, sprays of long duration are not particularly needed, 

 though such sprays are required when treatments are made in times not favor- 

 able to control and particularly in case of the last treatment for the season. 



