1920] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 757 



take place, the action of the nicotin is apparently rapid and sure. Foliage in 

 small bits sprayed with comparatively weali solutions, where devoured, kills 

 almost instantly. Nicotin sulphate is an effective ovicide for codling-moth eggs. 

 The addition of soap renders it practically perfect in this regard. As a substi- 

 tute for the standard arsenical sprays for codling-moth control, efficiency and 

 cost considered, nicotin sulphate does not show qualities to recnmmend its gen- 

 eral a(loi)tion. The use of nicotin and sulphate as a supplement to and in certain 

 combiiiatidus with the standard arsenate si)rays may, under certain conditions, 

 prove hi;,'hly practical : (a) As a substitute fur the arsenate spray in the July ap- 

 jilicatiou where a serious sunnner reinfestatiun of aphids is present ; (b) in com- 

 l)ination with the last summer application of arsenate (plus a spreader) as a 

 further insurance against the ' Sejttember sting.'" 



Entonioljiy, A. W. Morrill (Arizuim Sta. Rpt. 1918, pp. 335-S38). — Testa 

 made of tln> effect of 40 combinations of poison baits for the differential gra.ss- 

 hopper during 1918 in continuation of experiments of 1917, previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 41. p. Soo), have led to the following tentative conclusions: 



"Half and half and 00-40 per cent wheat bran and .sawdust mixtures are 

 fully as good as all bran. Barley middlings is not entirely satisfactory as a 

 substitute for wheat bran, although it usually gives fairly good results when 

 used in half and half mixtures with sawdust. Dry horse manure is not a 

 satisfactory substitute for wheat bran, although it is not without merit f(»r 

 use in emergencies. A mixture composed of wheat and corn bran (not over 50 

 per cent of the latter) is as good as straight wheat bran. Cantaloups are fully 

 eipial to lemons as ingredients of poisoned baits. Molasses does not add to 

 the value of the bait. London purple as the poisonous ingredient in baits is 

 inferior to Paris green." 



Corn bran alone appeared to be inferior to barley middlings and sawdust, 

 but the conditions in the tests were such that even tentative conclusions could 

 not be drawn. In tests in which molasses was omitted from the bait the 

 effectiveness did not appear to be reduced. In a test made of the bran, Paris 

 green, and water combination in the fall of 1918 it appeared to give perfect 

 results in combating the conmion alfalfa pest Feltia annexa Tr. 



In the course of investigations of grasshoppers and square daubers (Lygus 

 elisiis hcsperus Knight and L. pratcnsis oblineatus Say), it was found where 

 alfalfa fields adjoined cotton fields the cutting and raking of alfalfa should be 

 started on the sides and continued toward the center. In this way these pests 

 are concentrated n(>ar the center of the field and can be destroyed by the use 

 of a comparatively heavy applicatioH of poison bait or by means of a hopi)er- 

 dozer. In one test daubers were captured at the rate of more than 7,000 per 

 acre at an expense not to exceed 25 cts. per acre. 



Entomology, L. Haseman and K. C. Sullivan (Missouri Sla. Bui. 112 

 (1920), pp. 24-26, fig. 1). — In work during the year with the bollworm on corn 

 at Columbia, in which three varieties of sweet corn, one of pop corn, and five 

 of field corn were used, dusts were applied twice, as were two sprays of different 

 strengths. The results indicate that it is cheaper to dust than to spray, and 

 there was much less damage to the treated than to the untreated corn, though 

 neither dusting nor spraying entirely kept the worm from working. 



In control work with insect pests of melon and related crops, 2 lbs. of arsenate 

 of lead in 50 gal. of water gave good results when applied early against the 

 striped cucumber beetle. In control work with the squash bug, nicotin sulphate 

 gave the best results. 



A Bordeaux nozzle and an angled disc nozzle were used in control work 

 with the codling moth, in which arsenate of lead was applied at varying pres- 

 sures of 200, 145, and 85 lbs. At these respective pressures 11.01, 8.8, and 2.31 



