762 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.43 



following the blossoming time of apple trees. Worming can be done most ef- 

 fectively by two men working together on opposite sides of the tree. In this 

 practice emphasis is placed on the importance of removing all breeding centers 

 within or adjacent to the orchax'd. 



" Paints and various other kinds of tree protectors were used to prevent the 

 adult females from ovipositing in the bark. Nothing of this nature was found 

 that surpassed common white-lead paint in cheapness, ease of application, and 

 effectiveness in controlling the borers. Young apple trees painted once annu- 

 ally for from four to six years showed no injury, and the treatment gave a 

 control efficiency of 74.3 per cent. 



" Various attempts to kill borers were made by applying to the bark of 

 infested trees penetrating liquids of a poisonous or irritating nature. Nicotin 

 sulphate, kerosene, kerosene emulsion, sodium arsenate in a miscible-oil carrier, 

 and Hnseed oil were among the materials tested. None of these was effective 

 on large borers that had penetrated deep into the tree, but most of them killed 

 a considerable percentage of young borers that were still feeding in shallow 

 burrows. 



" The beetles feed rather freely upon leaves and the bark of twigs. Tests 

 made indicate that it is possible to kill the beetles by spraying with arsenicals. 

 Sprays for this purpose should be applied to young orchards within 10 days 

 after apple blossoms have disappeared. In bearing orchards what is known as 

 the first codling-moth spray will be effective also against the adults of the 

 roundheaded apple tree borer." 



Notes on the habits of Calendra pertinax Olivier, A. F. Satterthwait 

 (Jmir. Econ. Ent., 13 (1920), No. 3, pp. 280-295, pis. 2).— This is an account of 

 one of the common and most widely distributed billbugs, which breeds normally 

 in the common cat-tail (Typha lati folia L.) and calamus or sweet flag (Acorus 

 calamus L.), It is of economic importance due to its attacking corn. The 

 material studied was collected at Flushing, N. Y., and in Maryland, Indiana, 

 and Missouri. 



The corn pith weevil (Centriniis penicellus Host. )» G. G. Ainslie {Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 13 {1920), No. S, pp. 271-280,' fi(is. 3).— This is an account of the 

 main facts in the life history of a corn-attacking weevil, first noted in Tennessee 

 in 1911, which has not as yet become of economic importance. It bores in the 

 upper two or three node^s of cornstalks. Winter is passed in the larval stage 

 in the earth, the first beetles making their appearance about July 1 and increas- 

 ing greatly in numbers until early August. In corn the eggs are deposited in 

 the main stem either in or immediately below the tassel. The larvae feed 

 through the rest of the summer, reaching their growth and leaving the corn- 

 stalk for the earth about October 1, there being but one generation a year. 

 While corn is the main and most common food plant, the larvae have been 

 found in the stems of Panicum crusgalli and P. dichotomiflorum. 



A description of last instar larva by A. G. Boving is included. 



Report of the apiarist, F. W. L. Sladen et al. {Canada Expt. Farms Rpt. 

 1919, pp. ^2, //3, 90, 96, 102, 116, 129, IGIf, 169, 172, 181, 189, 193).— In addition 

 to the report of the apiarist (pp. 42, 43), brief accounts are given of the con- 

 dition and production of the colonies at the several experimental farms. A 

 table summarizing the average weight of honey produced per colony in the 

 spring of 1918 and the average annual production in the past six years is given 

 in the apiarist's report. 



Progress is said to have been made in the attempt to breed a nonswarming 

 variety of bee. In tests made of different kinds of winter stores for bees at 

 -Ottawa in 1918-19, the best results were obtained from the regular stores 



