856 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 43 



The adnlt beetle usually emerges durinc the last week In April and then he- 

 comes a pollen feeder, feeding on such flowers as the dogwood, notwithstanding 

 the fact that previous to emergence the adult feeds on the bark. The eggs are 

 deposited in crevices between the layers of the corky outer bark, in masses of 

 from 1 to 25 or more. Ovipositlon continues from about the middle of May 

 until the last of June or the first of July, from 120 to 165 eggs being deposited 

 by a single female. The eggs hatch in from eight to ten days, when the larvae 

 at once work their way through the bark and feed on the tissues of the cam- 

 bium layer. Two years are required for the completion of the cycle, the first 

 winter being spent in the larval stage, and toward fall of the second year the 

 larvaj transform to puppe. Pupation begins the latter part of August and con- 

 tinues until late in October, from 16 to 30 days or longer being required for the 

 transformation. About three weeks later they transform to adults, remain in 

 the pupal cells over winter, and emerge the following spring. 



So far as known, the species has never been found to infest healthy trees 

 or trees that have been dead for more than three years. They have been 

 found from the very base of the stumps of the infested tree to near the top, 

 where the trees were about 6 in. in diameter, but were seldom seen above this, 

 and never in limbs unless these happen to be very large. 



Among the natural enemies mentioned are a larval parasite, Atanycolus sim- 

 plex Cress., which seems fairly effective in reducing the number of the species, 

 especially in Pennsylvania, where as many as 5 per cent of the larvae are found 

 infested. The insect can be artificially controlled by cutting all recently killed 

 pines and removing bark before the first of March. 



Cotton boll weevil control by the use of poison, B. R. Goad and T. P. Cas- 

 siDY (U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 875 (1920), pp. 3i).— This is a general summary of 

 Information on the present status of knowledge of the control of the boll weevil 

 by means of dusting with calcium arsenate, and includes information gained 

 as the result of experiments conducted since the publication of the bulletin by 

 the senior author previou.sly noted (E. S. R., 39, p. 767). It deals with the 

 principles governing poisoning operation, kind of poison to use, how to apply 

 poison, number of applications, time to stop poisoning, organization of poison- 

 ing operation, dusting machinery to use, a Fai-mers' Bulletin on which has been 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 42, p. 786), features to be noted in purcha.sing 

 cotton-dusting machinery, cost of poisoning, gains to be expected from poison- 

 ing, advisability of poisoning under present conditions, and control of the cot- 

 ton leafworm and fall army worm with calcium arsenate. It is stated that 

 where poisoning " has been conducted on an individual field basis requiring in 

 the neighborhood of four applications, it has been found that the cost of poison, 

 labor of application, and reasonable depreciation on the investment for machin- 

 ery has been in the neighborhood of $7 to $10 per acre for the season. On a 

 large plantation basis the investment in poison and machinery has naturally 

 been lower, but the additional cost of supervision, etc., has generally been suf- 

 ficient to offset this difference. At present prices, it is hardly safe to figure 

 on a cost of less than $2 an acre per application." 



Bees and their relation to arsenical sprays at blossoming time, W. A. 

 Price (Indiana Sta. Bui. 247 (1920), pp. S-15, figs. 7).— This reports upon field 

 and laboratory experiments conducted with a view to determining the amount 

 of soluble arsenic required to kill a honeybee, whether a bee working upon a 

 mi:^ture of insoluble arsenic and sii-up takes up the arsenic particles, and 

 whether bees found near sprayed trees contain arsenic internally that accounts 

 for their death. 



In order to determine the fatal dose of arsenic, bees were fed upon a sirup 

 (40 per cent solution of cane sugar) to which was added soluble arsenic suf- 



