868 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 43 



Shrimp meal and starfish meal, C. J. Kole (Phnrm. WerkbL, 56 (1919), 

 No. 12, pp. .346-351). — A sample of dried whole shrimps consisted of 66 per cent 

 protein, 8.1 per cent fat, and 20.7 per cent ash. Market samples contained less 

 protein and fat, due, it was found on microscopical examination, to adultera- 

 tion with calcareous matter from other marine invertebrates. The meal is said 

 to be widely used in Holland for poultry and swine feeding. 



Starfish meal, it is stated, was originally sold as a fertilizer, but is now used 

 also as a feed. A commercial sample analyzed consisted of protein 31.6 per 

 cent, fat 6.9, water 12.1, sand 3.9, and other mineral matter 43.9 per cent. 



Recleaned elevator screenings (standard stock food) as a food for live 

 stock, G. B. RoTHWELL (Canada Expt. Farms Pamphlet 18 [1919], pp. 4). — 

 Trials of elevator screenings as feed for sheep, hogs, and dairy cattle made In 

 1914-15 (E. S. R., 36, pp. 66, 68, 75) are summarized, and a brief report is 

 made of a 1918 test of the recleaned screenings for growing pigs. 



Four lots were employed in the latter test, each being fed screenings and skim 

 milk, and in three cases another concentrate. Lot 1 gained 1 lb. per head per 

 day and consumed 2.8 lbs. of screenings and 6 lbs. of milk per pound of gain. 

 Lot 2 gained at the rate of 0.79 lb. per head and' consumed 2.6 lbs. of screenings 

 and .shorts (1:1) and 7.2 lbs. of milk per pound of gain. Lot 3 gained 0.85 lb. 

 daily and consumed 2.1 lbs. of screenings and linseed meal (8:1) and 6.8 lbs, 

 of milk per pound of gain. Lot 4 gained 0.76 lb. daily and consumed 2.6 lbs. 

 of screenings and tankage (8:1) and 8.6 lbs. of milk per pound of gain. 



Stock feed by the system of Professor van Calcar, G, de Clercq (Chem. 

 Weekbl, 16 (1919). No. 8, pp. 226-232).— A process devised by R. P. van Calcar 

 for reducing the fiber content of dried roughages is reported. The material is 

 treated with calcium carbonate and then allowed to ferment through the action 

 of bacteria derived from animal feces. The calcium carbonate, apparently, is 

 employed partly to provide an atmosphere of carbon dioxid for the anaerobic 

 bacteria and partly because its presence promotes the formation of methane 

 by the cellulose. The material is dried and sterilized by a process like that 

 noted below before it is fed, and is said not to be in any way toxic. The pres- 

 ence of calcium carbonate did not seem to inhibit the action of pepsin in the 

 stomach. 



Results of experiments are also given in which untreated buckwheat chaff, 

 cabbage stalks, and bean tendrils were fed to pigs in conjunction with various 

 amounts of calcium carbonate. The proportion of crude fiber in the feces de- 

 creased in all cases with an increase in calcium carbonate, this being due, it 

 is thought, to greater production of methane. 



Preparation of stock feed by the system of Professor van Calcar, G. de 

 Clekcq (Chem. Weekbl., 16 (1919), No. 10, pp. SU-S19, figs. 2).— The author 

 describes the Van Calcar method of preparing feed from mixtures of blood, 

 slaughterhouse waste, fish waste, potato peelings, and other vegetable wastes. 

 The mixture is placed in a revolving wire mesh drum (inclosed in a stationary 

 sheet-iron cover) through which flows a current of air heated to a temperature 

 of from 150 to 250° C, By this process the material is dried and rendered 

 thoroughly sterile. The finished product contains from 16 to 20 per cent of 

 protein and 2 to 4 per cent of fat. It is relished by hog-s and does not impart a 

 fishy flavor to the pork. 



Cattle feeding. — XV, Winter steer feeding, 1918-19, J, H. Skinnee and 

 C. M. Vestal (Indiana Sta. Bui. 240 (1919), pp. 24, fig. 1; pop. ed., pp. 8, fig. 

 1). — The authors report a 140-day feeding trial with 69 two-year-old steers 

 divided into 7 lots. The experiment was essentially a repetition of that re- 

 ported in the preceding bulletin of this series (E. S. R., 41, p. 68), and involved 

 comparisons of full v. limited corn feeding, protein supplement v. no supple- 



