VETERINARY MEDICINE. 81 



Diagnosis of pregnancy, tuberculosis, and other diseases in domestic ani- 

 mals, W. I'lEiLEK {Berlin. Tierarztl. WcJinschr., 31 (1915), No. 10, p. 112).— 

 The sera of 150 bovines (54 pregnant and 96 nongravid) were examined by the 

 Abderhalden procedure. Of the 54 sera from pregnant animals only 32 showed 

 positive and in 5 the results were uncertain because the sera contained dialyzable 

 substances themselves. Of the 96 sera coming from nonpregnant subjects, 

 44 gave a negative reaction and 11 doubtful reactions. The method showed 

 positive in 19 out of 27 sera from tuberculous animals, and in 1 case the 

 results were doubtful. With 54 sera of nontuberculosis animals the reaction 

 was paradoxical in 27 cases and doubtful in 11 cases. 



Thirty-three sera coming from 29 nongravid and 4 gi*avid horses were ex- 

 amined. Of the 29 coming from nongravid animals 8 gave a correct and 19 a 

 paradoxical result and 2 doubtful results. With the 4 pregnant animals 2 sera 

 gave correct results and 2 doubtful results. 



Two pregnant swine yielded doubtful results. With the sera from 2 hogs 

 affected with cholera and one from an immune animal, 1 gave a positive and 1 

 doubtful, and the immune serum gave paradoxical results. With 5 normal hog 

 sera the results were all erroneous. 



Sera from glandered horses strongly cleaved organs of glandered animals and 

 healthy guinea-pig tissue. The organs from animals affected with erysipelas, 

 placenta, healthy liver, and other healthy organs were cleaved by erysipelas 

 immune and normal sera. 



Some data obtained with the sera from 5 human subjects affected with cancer, 

 pregnant, or normal are also included. 



Remarks and contribution to anthrax diagnosis, Blau {Berlin. Tierdrztl. 

 Wchnschr., 31 {1915), No. 4, pp. 37-41). — A review of the facts pertaining to 

 the methods in use to-day for diagnosing anthrax. The factors which influence 

 the results, especially those which are liable to lead one to error, are mentioned. 



Contribution on the serodiagnosis of glanders, W. Pfeiler and F. Schef- 

 FLER {Berlin. Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 30 {1914), ^os. 45, pp. 741-743; 49, pp. 

 789-79 4). — The authors maintain that with the conglutination reaction one can 

 undoubtedly diagnose cases which can not be found by the agglutination, com- 

 plement fixation, or clinical examination methods. It can also be used for diag- 

 nosing glanders in asses. It is not deemed possible by the agglutination and 

 complement-fixation methods to distinguish between horses affected with glan- 

 ders and those treated with mallein, but this is possible with the conglutination 

 method. 



The serodiagnosis of glanders in the Dutch East Indies, C. BtJBBERMAN 

 {Deiit. Tierarztl. Wchnschr., 22 {1914), No. 29, pp. 464-466) .—The author con- 

 cludes that the complement-fixation test, generally speaking, yields better results 

 than the agglutination test. Where complement is fixed with 0.1 cc. of horse 

 serum the test must be regarded as positive, and weakly positive if fixation is 

 obtained with up to 0.2 cc. of serum. If the binding is incomplete with 0.2 cc. 

 of the serum, disease is not present in the animal. 



The complement fixation test can not be used for noting recent infections, but 

 in these causes the agglutination test will give the desired results. 



The diagnostic value of blood examination in glanders, A. Marcis {Allator- 

 vosi Lapok, 37 {1914), No. 22, pp. 261-265; abs. in Deut. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 

 22 {1914), No. 29, pp. 466, ^67).— Investigation of artificially and naturally 

 infected horses showed that the specific agglutinins are present on the fifth day 

 post-infection, and complement-fixing substance on the seventh day. See also a 

 previous note (E. S. R., 30, p. 881). 



As an antigen in the complement-fixation test an emulsion of glanders 

 bacilli is preferred, but antiformiu bacillary extract, according to Altmann and 



