354 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Fruit stain and withertip of citrus, J. T. Barrett (Abs. in Phytopathology, 

 5 (1915), No. 5, p. 29S; Science, n. ser., ^2 {1915), No. 1086, p. 582).— The effect 

 of the fungus CoUetotrichum gloeosporioides on citrus twigs and fruit is con- 

 sidered. Tlie auttior states that as yet there is no evidence that the fungus is 

 capable of infecting thoroughly sound and healthy tissue of leaves and twigs, 

 but that it may infect fruit through germination from appressoria, killing small 

 areas of rind. Later development of the fungus causes serious fruit rotting 

 in addition to the tear-stain marks upon the surface. 



Injury to orange trees due to nematodes, L. Trabut {Compt. Rend. Acad. 

 Agr. France, 1 {1915), No. 6, p. 222). — It is stated that a study of orange trees 

 showing decline in Algeria has led to the conclusion that the injury is due to 

 a nematode, Tylenchulus scmipcnctrans, in the rootlets. Pi-otective measures 

 inaugurated include treatments with carbon bisulphid and sulphocarbonates 

 and inspection of nursery stock. 



The Sclerotinia disease of Campanula medium, A. Osterwaloer {Landic. 

 Jahrb. Schioei;:, 29 {1915), No. 1, p. 31). — Observations during several years on 

 C. medium affected with a wilt beginning about the time of blooming and 

 resulting in the death of the plant have shown this disease to be due probably 

 to 8. libcrtiatia attacking the plants near the surface of the soil, and suggesting 

 that the overwintering sclerotia were the source of the attack. Early removal 

 and destruction of affected plants is dimmed necessary. 



Iris leaf blotch disease, J. K. Ramsbottom {Jour. Roy. Ilort. Soc, 40 {1915), 

 No. S, pp. 481-492, pis. 7). — Reporting a study of the leaf blotch of Iris due to 

 Heterosporium gracilc, and said to occur on many species, the author states 

 that the affected leaf fndes prematurely, thus shortening considerably its period 

 of photosynthesis. The fungus may pass the winter in its fruiting form. The 

 spores germinate after undergoing temperatures considerably below freezing. 



Inoculations of living plants were successful, the germ tube passing through 

 either epidermis or stomata. The resulting mycelium was either intercellular 

 or intracflluiar, but pos.sessed no haustoria. Narcissus was not attacked by 

 this fungus. 



Old loaves should be burned. Lime should be applied in autumn and forked 

 into the soil in spring in case of soils doficiont in that component. 



Two eastern forest diseases which threaten the Pacific States. H. Metcalf 

 {Abs. in Phytopathology, 5 {1915), No. 5, p. 291; Science, n. ser., 42 {1915), No. 

 1086, p. 580). — The author takes up the chestnut bark disease due to Endothia 

 parasitica and the white pine blister rust caused by Cronartium ribicola, and 

 indicates the danger of (heir introduction to the cultivated chestnut of the 

 Pacific States, and to the valu.ible sugar pine {Pinus lanibcrtiana) and the 

 western white pine {P. monticola). He advocates a rigid state quarnntine 

 against the admission of nursery stock of the genus Castanea. the five-leaf 

 siiecies of pine, and the genus Ribes. 



Two new hosts for Peridermium pyriforme, G. G. Hedgcock and W. H. Long 

 (V. S. Dcpt. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 5 {1915), No. 7, pp. 289, 290, pi. 1).— 

 The authors report the occurrence of P. pyriforme on Pinus rigida and P. ari- 

 zonica, thus adding two new species to the known hosts of this fungus. It Is 

 claimed that P. pyriforme causes three forms of disease on pines, one with 

 slight or no hypertrophy, common on Pinus divaricata, P. pungcns, and P. pon- 

 derosa scopuloruin : a second causing a fusiform or spindle-shaped swelling on 

 P. arizoniea, P. contorta, P. divaricata. P. pnndcrosa, P. pondrrosa scnpulnrum, 

 and P. rigida; and a third form causing the formation of globose galls now 

 first reported on P. contorta. 



