ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 377 



the efficiency of the grain and dry mash feed. Meat scrap apparently produced 

 slightly better fertility and hatchability of eggs than did the fish scrap or skim 

 milk, but birds fed neither skim milk nor meat scrap showed slightly the best 

 average fertility, and in two experiments the best hatchability. The profit in 

 the meat-scrap pen was $1.55, in the fish-scrap pen $1.56, and in the skim-milk 

 pen $1.62. Birds receiving neither meat scrap, fish scrap, nor skim milk were 

 kept at a loss. At 30 cts. per 100 lbs., skim milk is considered slightly more 

 expensive to feed than meat scrap at $2.50 per 100 lbs. 



Leghorn pullets produced about 21 lbs. of manure at night a year. 



The value of grit in poultry feeding-, 1\L A. Jull (Jour. Amer. Assoc. Instr. 

 and Invest. Poultry Busb., 2 {1915), No. 2, pp. i^-ifi).— Experiments are re- 

 ported, the results of which point out the practical necessity of grit for the 

 economical digestion of the whole grain by chickens, more efficient use being 

 made of the feed when grit was fed. Chicks which received no grit consumed 

 approximately 0.2 lb. more mash than did those to which grit was fed. The 

 absence of grit had no diminishing effect on egg production, but the majority 

 of the eggs were thin shelled and a few were soft shelled. There was apparently 

 no relation of grit to the absorption of the yolk sack. 



A comparison of digestible coefficients for cattle, swine, and poultry as 

 suggesting a more accurate basis for computing' poultry rations, A. B. Dann 

 {Jour. Amer. Assoc. Instr. and Invest. Poultry Hush., 2 {1915), No. 2, pp. 10- 

 W- — The author presents data tending to show that digestion by poultry is 

 more nearly like cattle than it is like swine, but that poultry do not digest 

 fiber. In view of these facts it is suggested that it might be advantageous at 

 the present time to use the easily computed method of eliminating the fiber 

 from the digested nutrients as obtained from experiments with cattle, and 

 adopt these values in the computation of poultry rations. 



A report of February hatched pullets, W. C. Thompson {Jour. Amer. Assoc. 

 Instr. and Invest. Poultry Hush., 2 {1915), No. 2, p. 16).— It has been thought 

 that the April hatching of Leghorns was the most economical practice, as early 

 hatched Leghorns, on account of their development at 4i months of age, usually 

 went through a fall molt. In February, 1914, a large number of Leghorn eggs 

 were hatched, from which on the first of August, 1914, were selected 200 good 

 pullets. These were placed in a laying house and accurate records kept for 

 one year. 



It was found that the egg production during August, September, and October 

 was more than enough to balance the decrease which took place in November 

 and December, when the birds molted. The birds were fully matured and 

 developed long before the cold winter set in, so that it was possible and prac- 

 tical to use their spring-laid eggs for hatching purposes, another distinct advan- 

 tage of the early hatching of the Leghorn pullets. 



Poultry husbandry, E. Brown {New Yoi'k: Longmans, Green d Co., 1915, pp. 

 XII-]rJil6, figs. 82). — This book treats of the development of the poultry in- 

 dustry, and of methods of breeding, feeding, care, and management of poultry 

 for market purposes. 



Poultry and their diseases {Bd. Agr. and Fisheries [Londonl, Misc. Pub. 4 

 (1914). pp. 1-81, figs. 7). — Information is given on methods of breeding, feeding, 

 care, and management of poultry, ducks, and turkeys in England. 



Feeding for egg production, H. L. Kempster {Missouri Sta. Circ. 76 {1915), 

 pp. 12. figs. 2). — This circular treats of the adaptability of various feed stuffs 

 for poultry feeding and of methods of feeding. A number of rations for egg 

 production are suggested. 



Practical and inexpensive poultry appliances, J. E. Dougherty and W. E. 

 Lloyd {California Sta. Circ. U2 {1915), pp. 22, figs. 18).— A number of poultry 



