DISEASES OF PLANTS. 51 



Uspulun as a fungicide, L. Hiltner and G. Gentneb (Prakt. Bl. Pflanzenbau 

 u. Schutz, 11. ser., 13 {1915), No. 3, pp. 32-40).— It is stated that tests compar- 

 ing Upsulun with corrosive sublimate solution for steeping seed grains did not 

 show anj' injury to the seed as due to the former, but that its fungicidal value 

 was less than that of corrosive sublimate at the strengths employed, namely, 

 0.25, 0.5, and 1 per cent. 



Note on lime and sulphur, D. R. Edwardes-Keb (Jour. Southeast. Agr. Col. 

 Wye, No. 22 (1913), pp. 368-370). — From experiments described with lime and 

 sulphur mixed intimately for use as a fungicide, it is concluded that there is 

 no chemical action on mixing either quicklime or slaked lime with flowers of 

 sulphur. Consequently, considered from a chemical point of view, there is no 

 obvious advantage in adding lime to this form of sulphur when designed for 

 use as a fungicide. 



The Penicillium luteum purpurogenum group, C. Thom (Mycologia, 7 

 {1915), No. 3, pp. 134-142, fig. 1). — In further development of work previously 

 noted (E. S. R., 22, p. 531), the author discusses different phases of the series, 

 at one end of which stands a strain of P. luteum producing ascospores freely 

 and conidia sparingly, and at the other end P. purpurogenum producing conidia 

 only. He concludes the article with a synoptical arrangement of the strains 

 considered. 



The wintering-over of yellow rust and the occurrence of rust years, L. 

 Hecke (Naturui. Ztsehr. Forst u. Landw., 13 (1915), No. 4-5, pp. 213-220). — 

 Studies previously reported (E. S. R., 24, p. 743) have been followed up by 

 observations tending to show, it is claimed, that under certain conditions the 

 overwintering of the mycelium of yellow I'ust may be of considerable im- 

 portance. 



The carrying over of the rust by wild plants is discussed, the author men- 

 tioning the yet unpublished work of K. Barfuss, who is said to have found that 

 the yellow rust of wheat may infect Dactylis glomerata, also Koeleria cristata 

 and Lolium temulentum. These results tend to contradict the views of a sup- 

 posedly sharp specialization by this rust and establish also the fact that this 

 fungus can attack rye and barley when wounded and that it may, after cultiva- 

 tion during several generations, attack the former even when uninjured. 



Meteorological factors appear to be important, all conditions favorable to the 

 overwintering of the host apparently favoring the parasite also. 



The cereal rusts, W. P. Eraser (Ann. Rpt. Quebec Sac. Protec. Plants [etc.'\, 

 7 (1914-15), pp. 116-120). — This is a somewhat general discussion of rusts 

 chiefly as known to occur in Canada on wheat, oats, barley, rye, and corn. The 

 use of early or resistant varieties, with destruction of buckthorn and barberry, 

 affords a measure of protection. 



Cereal smut control, and yield, E. Jordi (JarJiresber. Landiv. Schule Riltti, 

 1912-1914, pp. 161-165). — It is stated, as the result of tests carried on during 

 several years and in part previously reported (E. S. R., 24, p. 345), that as used 

 for smut of wheat, formalin at 0.2 per cent is more effective than copper sul- 

 phate at 0.5 per cent strength, but that it is also probably more injurious to 

 germinability. 



Rusted seed wheat showed in 1913 a lowering of yield, reaching 26 per cent 

 as compared with the yield from sound grain. 



Fungus diseases of cassava, J. B. Robek (Bui. Dept. Agr. Trinidad and 

 Tobago, 14 (1915), No. 2, pp. 36-38; abs. in Agr. Netvs [Barbados], 14 (1915), 

 No. 341, p. 114)- — The comparative freedom of cassava from disease in Trinidad 

 is ascribed largely to the casual and discontinuous character of its cultivation 

 there hitherto, a condition which is now rapidly disappearing. The only dis- 

 eases mentioned as serious at this time are leaf spot affections, as described. 



