48 EXPEEIMENT STATION RECORD. 



hard laterite soils and least effective on light or loose soils which offer no 

 resistance to the explosion. It is believed that it might be profitable in making 

 holes previous to planting, especially in heavy soils, half a charge of dynamite 

 being sufficient for this purpose. It may be successfully used in breaking up 

 logs and tree stumps previously weakened by termites. The value of dynamite 

 for cultivation is not doubted, but the high cost of the explosive prevents its more 

 general use. 



Bubber manuring experiments at the experiment station, Peradeniya, 

 M. K. Bambeb (Dept. Agr. Ceylon Bui. 18 {1915), pp. 12, pis. 2).— This bulletin 

 describes manuring experiments with rubber trees started in 1913 and gives the 

 results secured in 1914 with reference to general growth, girth development, and 

 latex and rubber yield. The experiment is to be continued over a series of 

 years. 



Preliminary experiments on the effect of temperature control on the yield 

 of products in the destructive distillation of hardwood, R. C. Palmeb (Jour. 

 Indus, and Engin. Chem., 7 (1915), No. 8, pp. 663-669, figs. 3; Chem. Trade 

 Jour., 51 (1915), Nos. U75, pp. 199, 200; 1^76, pp. 223-225) .—DatSi are given on 

 some preliminary experiments conducted at the Forest Products Laboratory, 

 Madison, Wis., and in a commercial plant at Gladstone, Mich. 



In the small scale distillations lowering the temperature of the process and 

 decreasing the speed with which it took place gave marked increases in the 

 yields of alcohol. The laboratory distillations gave 40 per cent more acetate of 

 lime than commercial yields, but the acetic acid was not gi-eatly influenced by 

 variation in the method of distilling. The best results were obtaimil by slow 

 distillation during the critical stage rather than by lowering the temi^erature at 

 which the reaction took place. This was accomplisheil by rapidly removing the 

 moisture content of the wood in the first stages, anticipating the period when 

 destructive distillation or the critical stage began, and at this point decreasing 

 the temperature of the fire. 



Forest products of Canada, 1914. — Pulpwood, R. G. Lewis and W. G. H. 

 BoYCE {IJcpt. lilt. Canada, Forestry Branrh Hid. 5^ (1915), pp. 18, pis. 2, 

 figs. 3). — A report on the production and manufacture of pulpwood and wood 

 pulp in Canada for the calendar year 1014. The report shows the quantity and 

 value of pulp wood produced in the Dominion according to the rrovince in 

 which it was produced, the kind of wood used, and the method of manufacture ; 

 the quantity and value of pulp wood exported from Canada and from the 

 several Provinces in an unmanufactured state; and the value of wood pulp 

 exported from and imported into the Dominion. 



A map showing the location of the pulp mills of the Dominion and a diagram 

 representing graphically the quantities of pulp wood used In Canada in the last 

 five years, 1910 to 1914, are included. 



DISEASES OF PLANTS. 



The relations between scientific botany and phytopathology, O. Appel 

 (Ann. Missouri Bot. Card., 2 (1915), No. 1-2, pp. 275-285).— In addition to 

 giving a brief review of the development of methodologj- in combating plant dl.s- 

 eases, the author makes a plea for more of the strictly scientific study of plant 

 diseases and their conditions and treatment, as Illustrated by that of Milnch 

 (E. S. R.. 22. p. ir)2) and of otliers named. 



Phytopathology in the Tropics, Johanna Westerdijk (Avn. Missouri Bot. 

 Oard., 2 (1915), No. 1-2, pp. 307-313).— G\\iwg a brief account of the character 

 and conditions of tropical plant life, the author claims there are comparatively 

 few fungi and bacteria which have been found to cause serious injury In those 



