ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 551 



tips and blossom stalks thickly with their colonies before the last of August. 

 By the middle of September the fall migration is over and they have deserted 

 the potato fields. While it will colonize upon a variety of plants, part of which 

 are common weeds, the rose seems to be the favorite food plant and it is prob- 

 able in Maine that this serves most commonly as such for the fall generations 

 of the potato aphidid. In Maine it has never been collected during the spring 

 upon anything but the rose, which would indicate that this is the favorite over- 

 wintering host plant and the one ordinarily chosen for the deposition of the 

 eggs in the fall. 



During certain summers enormous numbers of this pest have appeared over 

 wide areas on potatoes in Aroo.stook County, the vines having been attacked to 

 an injurious extent in the vicinity of Houlton and elsewhere. The time of 

 severest attack apparently varies somewhat, but in Maine the infestation has 

 not been excessive before early August and is over before the middle of Sep- 

 tember. Under conditions favorable to aphidid growth an attack of less than 

 two weeks' duration suffices to kill the potato stalk for a distance of from 4 to 

 6 in. from the tip and the growth of the tubers on plants thus weakened must 

 necessarily be affected. 



The species has been recorded from Canada, Florida, Maine, and California, 

 and various intermediate localities and might be expected to occur in any of 

 the States. 



Technical descriptions presented are followed by a report of indoor studies, 

 notes, and a discussion of natural controls and remedial measures. The em- 

 ployment of tobacco extracts is recommended. 



Notes on a lime tree aphis, Pachypappa reaumuri, new to Britain, F. V. 

 Theobald (Entomologist, 48 (1915), Nos. 623. pp. 73-76, pis. 2, fig. 1; 624, pp. 

 116-119, figs. 4). — The author records the occurrence of this leaf gall former 

 at Bearsted, Kent. 



Contribution to the study of the biology of Chermes, P. Mabchal {Ann. Sci. 

 Nat. Zool., 9. ser., 18 (1913), No. 3-6, pp. /.5.i-J,S.5, pis. 6, figs. 77).— A detailed 

 report of investigations conducted by the author, together with a bibliography 

 of 73 titles. 



Recent tests of materials for controlling San Jose scale, J. S. Houser (Mo. 

 Bui. Ohio Sta., 1 (1916), No. 1, pp. 21-27, figs. 2).— A brief review of the present 

 status of control measures for the San Jose scale, which is summarized as 

 follows : " The home-boiled, dilute lime-sulphur wash, the commercial concen- 

 ■ trated lime-sulphur wash (1 part to 7 parts of water), and the soluble oils 

 (usually 1 part to 15 parts of water) are standard scale remedies and will con- 

 trol scale if properly applied. Although our results are somewhat variable, 

 the powdered sulphur compounds are promising and are worthy of careful 

 trial. If, upon further trial, their efficiency is proved as indicated by some of 

 our tests, it seems likely that this class will supplant the concentrated liquid 

 sprays as scale remedies, provided that they can be sold at a comparable figure. 



" The inexperienced orchardist uses only about one-fourth to one-third as 

 much spraying material as he should, and most failures to control scale are 

 directly traceable to this fact. One of the most successful orchardists in the 

 State at one time had a bad infestation of scale, but now it is difficult to find 

 a single specimen on his trees. He sometimes sprays his trees from three or 

 four sides, using favoring winds. Many attempt to spray even large trees with 

 the wind in one direction only." 



Varjring susceptibility of the San Jose scale to sprays, A. L. INIelander 

 (Jour. Econ. Ent., 8 (1915), No. 5, pp. 475-481). — The author reports upon 

 studies conducted in several localities in Washington State. 



