674 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD, 



A resum§ of the general subject of pasteurization, including methods of 

 pasteurizing whey and skim milli, the effect of pasteurization on tlie feeding 

 value and on the spread of disease, and the cost of pasteurization is given. 



Why and how pasteurize dairy by-products, F. H. Hall (New York State 

 Sta. Bui. 412, popular ed. (1915), pp. 8, fig. 1). — A popular edition of the above, 



VETERINARY MEDICINE. 



Report of veterinary affairs in Austria for 1908-1910 (Ber. Osterr. Vet- 

 eriniiric, lVOS-1910, pp. 152, pis. 12). — The report includes a census of the 

 profitable domestic animals in Austrian Provinces as of December 31, 1910 

 (pp. 1-3) ; a tabular statement of the occurrence of contagious diseases (pp. 

 4-88) ; a report on infectious and other diseaises (pp. 89-106) ; statistics on 

 lo.sses occasioned by contagious diseases (pp. 107-127) ; administration of 

 veterinary police laws (pp. 128-146) ; and veterinarians and veterinary instruc- 

 tion (pp. 147-152). 



The mechanism of the Abderhalden reaction. — Studies ou immunity, I, 

 J. P>i:oNVEM!KKNXER (./oj/r. Expt. Mcd., 21 (1915), No. 3, pp. 221-2.3S).—A>i a 

 result of Ills investigation the author concludes that " the Abderhalden re- 

 action is specific. The properties of serum on which it depends develop in 

 experimental animals simultaneously with antibodies during the process of 

 immunization. It is impossible to observe by direct methods the presence of 

 digesting ferments in the blood of immune animals. The Abderhalden test may 

 be resolved into two phases. A dialyzable substance appears in the second 

 phase and is the result of the autodigestion of serum. The autodigestion of 

 serum in the Abderhalden test is due to the removal of antitrypsin from the 

 serum by tlie sensitized substratum." 



The nature of anaphylatoxin. — Studies on immunity. II, J. Bronfen- 

 BREXNER (.four. E.rpt. Mcd., 21 (1915). No. 5. pp. 480-.'f92. fig. 1). — From experi- 

 mental data submitted the author has shown that " the union of fresh serum 

 of pregnant or immunized animals with the corresponding boiled protein 

 (substratum) is accompanied by the formation of poisonous substances. The 

 poison originates from the serum as a result of its autodigestion, and not from 

 the substratum. The process of autodigestion may be determined by the 

 specific or nonspecific removal of the antitrypsin of the serum. The poisons 

 originating from the serum are toxic only for homologous animals. The 

 autodigestion of the scrum, if allowed to proceed far enougli, may go beyond 

 the toxic stage. Tlie biological properties of these poisons indicate their close 

 similarity to the anaphylatoxin, and suggest that the anaphylatoxin of Fried- 

 berger is a product of the autodigestion of serum and not of the protein out- 

 side of the serum." 



The mechanism of the Abderhalden reaction with bacterial substrates, 

 G. H. Smith and M. W. Cook (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 18 (1916), No. 1, pp. H- 

 19). — Experimental data demonstrate that the Abderhalden reaction may be 

 divided into two phases. " Tlie first phase involves a sensitization of substrate 

 by its specific serum. The second jihase represents an autodigestion of the 

 serum, which is not due to specific causes." There is an absolute specificity in 

 the sensitization of substrate. Further investigation is deemed necessary to 

 demonstrate whether or not this sensitization is of the nature of an antigen- 

 antibody reaction. The work confirms the studies of Bronfenbrenner noted 

 above. 



Serum proteases and the mechanism of the Abderhalden reaction. — Studies 

 on ferment action, XX, .T. W. Jobling. A. A. Eggstein. and W. Petersen 

 (.Jour. Expi. Med., 21 (1915), No. 3, pp. 239-2^9).— From experimental data 



