580 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



" For the simultaneous treatment a spore vaccine, carefully standardized, is 

 preferable to the ordinary Pasteur vaccine. Spore vaccine should be employed 

 also in preference to the Pasteur vaccines for immunization with vaccine alone. 

 This vaccine has a decided advantage over the Pasteur because of the possi- 

 bility of more accurate dosing and because of its better keeping qualities. 



" Experiments with concentratefl serum and dry spore vaccine are very 

 promising. This method would greatly simplify the vaccination process and also 

 insure the product against subsequent contamination and deterioration." 



The lesions in experimental infection ■with Bacterium tularense, P. G. 

 WooLLEY (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 11 (1915), Xo. 3, pp. 510-513). — A detailed 

 description is given of the typical lesions as they appeared in the different 

 organs of laboratory animals that had been inoculated with B. tvlarcnse. 



Experiences with Streptococcus and Staphylococcus vaccine, J. P. Isherwood 

 (Vet. Rec, 28 (1915), No. 1J,12, pp. J,5. 7/6).— The author reports upon three 

 cases of strangles, a case of poll evil, and one of traumatism which were helped 

 by the use of a Streptococcus and Staphylococcus vaccine. 



Immunization with tetanus toxin-antitoxin mixtures, INI. von Eislee and 

 E. LowENSTEiN (Centbl. Bakt. [e?c.], 1. Alt., Orig., 15 (1915), No. 4, pp. 348- 

 S64)- — The authors conclude that guinea pigs can be immunized by subcu- 

 taneous injections of neutralized or overneutralized tetanus toxin-antitoxin 

 mixtures. For this purpose two injections were found to be necessary, no 

 apparent imnuinity being established after the first injection. With rabbits 

 one injection sufTiced. in some cases, to cause a good production of antitoxin 

 products, the neutral mixture being allowed to set one-half hour at room 

 temperature before injection. AVith mixtures which stood from G to 16 hours 

 before being used an appreciable quantity of antitoxin could not be produced in 

 the I'abbit by a single injection. In the guinea pig 12 days after the reinjection 

 there was a marked production of antitoxin. In the rabbit the same result 

 was obtained 13 days after the first injection and the maximum production 

 reached in the third or fourth week. 



Emulsions of the organs (brain, spinal cord, liver, spleen, and leucocytes) of 

 the guinea pig were not found to liind toxin from a toxin-antitoxin mixture, 

 at lea.st in quantities too small to produce tetanus in mice. However, in the 

 rabbit liver cells wore found to bind toxin from such a mixture and to pro- 

 duce tetanus in mice and guinea pigs. The same result could be produced if 

 kaolin which had been in contact with the neutralized mixture was injected. 

 It seems, then, that the liver cells and kaolin cause a cleavage of the toxin- 

 antitoxin mixture and withdraw the toxin from combination. 



Studies of Chag-as disease in Argentina and the trypanosome of the 

 Vinchuca, C. M.vgoio and F. RosENurscii (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. Abt., Orifj., 

 11 (1915), No. 1, pp. 40-.',6. pis. 2; ahs. in Trop. Yet. Bill. 3 (1915), No. 4, p. 

 124). — Although the authors have not actually detected a case of Chagas dis- 

 ease in Argentina, they have found largo numbers of flagellates, similar to 

 those described by Chagas as Schizotriipanum cruzi (E. S. R., 23. p. 585) 

 in the intestinal canal of the common bug Triatoma infestans. 



Further observations on the presence of iodin in tuberculous tissues and 

 irt the thyroid gland, P. A. Lewis and R. B. Krauss (Jour. Biol. Chcm.. 22 

 (1915), No. 1, pp. 159-163). — The authors conclude that "iodin is frequently 

 present in tuberculous tissue independently of any intentional administration 

 of iodin-containing substances. The quantities found are such as to lesson 

 the force of the conclusion of previous observers that the tuberculous tissue 

 has an especial aflinity for iodin when intentionally administered. This may 

 of course be the case, but the evidence for it is so far insufficient. We hnve 

 no evidence bearing on the nature of the iodin compounds in the tuberculous 



