ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 653 



On the employTnent of heat in the control of insects, L. Semichon {Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 160 {1915), No. 11, pp. 569-671).— The author finds 

 that a spray of water at a temperature of from 55 to 65° C. (131 to 149° F.) 

 causes the death of caterpillars of the vine pyralid (Tortrix pilleriana) and 

 the cochylis and eudemis moths at the time they emerge from the egg and are 

 not protected, and does not injure the foliage. It should be applied in April 

 and May at the time the caterpillars crawl to the extremity of the shoots and 

 before they are inclosed in webs and protected by leaves. Under similar con- 

 ditions it causes the death of the eggs of the cochylis and eudemis moths. 

 This method of treatment is thought to be more effective than the use of arseni- 

 cal or nicotin insecticides, since it can be used against the second and third 

 generations after the berries are well developed. 



The use of a copper mixture heated to from 55 to 65° C. makes possible the 

 control of both insects and fungi. 



Fiiniig-ating- the household, G. G. Becker (Arkansas Sta. Circ. 28 {1915), 

 pp. 8, figs. 3). — Directions are given for the fumigation of the household with 

 liydrocyanic acid gas. 



Some studies on the snowy tree cricket with reference to an apple bark 

 disease, P. J. Parbott, W. O. Gloyee, and B. B. Fulton {Jour. Econ. Ent., 8 

 {1915), No. 6, pp. 535-5-il). — It is stated that in cooperative work cultural and 

 microscopical studies have revealed the fact that Leptosphceria coniothyrmm 

 {Coniotliyr'mm fuckeUi) is the causal agent of a canker-like bark disease of 

 the apple which occurs in New York State. The present paper reports upon 

 attempts made to determine the relation of tree crickets to the transmission of 

 this disease. 



Feeding experiments indicate that spores may pass through the alimentary 

 tract of the crickets without loss of their vitality. " When crickets were 

 starved two days before feeding, spores of various fungi passed through the 

 intestinal tract in a period of 6.5 hours. When tree crickets were allowed to 

 feed normally before the tests, spores of various fungi, including the New York 

 apple canker {Sphwropsis malorum) and l)lister canker {Nnmmularia discreta), 

 were found in the excreta four days after diseased wood was removed from 

 their diet. Cultural tests of spores in the excreta showed that .spores of the 

 New York apple canker and the mica inky cap (Coprinns micaceus) passed 

 unharmed through the intestinal tracts of the crickets. Spores of the blister 

 canker showed poor germinating qualities. ... In twelve attempts to estab- 

 lish the New York apple canker, the Coniothyrium canker, and brown rot 

 {Sclerotinia fructigena) in peaches and apples, all proved failures except in one 

 experiment where there were three slight infections by the Coniothyrium 

 canker." 



Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, the European mole cricket in New Jersey, H. B. 

 Weiss {Joio'. Econ. Ent., 8 {1915), No. 5, pp. 500, 501).— The author records 

 an infestation of the European mole cricket {G. gryllotalpa) , extending over 

 several acres planted to herbaceous and ornamental stock in a nursery at 

 Rutherford, N. J., which appears to be of several years' duration. 



Some developments in grasshopper control, F. M. Webster {.Jour. Econ. 

 Ent., 8 {1915), No. 6, pp. 527-535, fig. 1). — A discussion of recent work. 



The spring" grain aphis or " green bug " in the Southwest and the possi- 

 bilities of an outbreak in 1916, F. jNI. Werster {U. S. Dept. Agr., Office Sec. 

 Circ. 55 {1916), pp. 3, figs. 3). — Directions are given for combating the spring 

 grain aphis or " gi-een bug" {Toaoptera graminum) . 



On the mouth parts and mechanism of suction in Schizoneura lanigera, 

 J. Davidson {.Jour. Linn. Soc. [J.ondon], Zool., 32 {19U), No. 218, pp. 307-330, 

 pis. 2, figs. 2). — Following a brief discussion of the technique and methods and 



