ANIMAL PKODUCTION". 663 



On the mechanism of the oxidation processes in the animal organism, 

 LiNA Steen {TJher den MecJianismus der Oxydatiansvorgange im Tierorganis- 

 mus. Jena: Gustav Fischer, 19U, pp. VI+61, figs. i2).— This is a compilation 

 of the results of investigations carried out by the author on the subject for a 

 number of years, and which formed the subject matter of an address before the 

 Physiological Society of Berlin, in 1913. The author has aimed to restrict herself 

 to the discussion of experimental results and to avoid, as far as possible, theo- 

 retical speculations. 



Gastro-intestinal studies. — X, An investigation of the gastric residuum 

 in over 100 normal cases, C. C. Fowleb, M. E. Rehfuss, and P. B. Hawk 

 (Jovr. Amer. Med. Assoc., 65 {1915), No. 12, pp. 1021-1025, figs. 7).— Experi- 

 ments to determine the properties of the gastric residuum are reported which 

 were made with subjects receiving no water between the evening meal and 

 •8 o'clock the following morning. The average volume of the residuum was 

 found to be 52.14 cc, and this possessed all the qualities of a physiologically 

 active secretion. A detailed description of its properties is given. 



Psychological effects of alcohol. — An experimental investigation of the 

 effects of moderate doses of ethyl alcohol on a related group of neuro-mus- 

 cular processes in man, R. Dodge and F. G. Benedict {Carnegie Inst. Wash- 

 ington Pub. 232 {1915), pp. 281, pis. 6, figs. i6).— This publication outlines the 

 plan of an exhaustive investigation of the physiological action of ethyl alcohol, 

 which is being carried out by the Nutrition Research Laboratory. A large 

 quantity of data is reported regarding the effect of the ingestion of alcohol on 

 the neuro-muscular tissues, with special reference to its effect on mental proc- 

 esses as measured by psychological tests. The technique employed in the experi- 

 ments is fully described. 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



Grain screenings, with results of feeding experiments (Canada Dept. Agr. 

 [Pub.l, 1915, June, pp. 44). — In the first part of this publication, J. R. Dymond 

 reports the composition of scalpings, succotash flax, buckwheat screenings, and 

 black seeds, and describes the use of screenings in sheep and cattle feeding and 

 in admixtures with other feeds. 



In gi'inding screenings it is said to be impossible to pulverize all of the seed 

 when the entire screenings are ground up together by an ordinary chopper. 

 Thi.s difficulty is due to the hard flinty seed coat of some, such as lamb's quar- 

 ters, and the very small size of others, as tumbling mustard. 



An analysis of 396 samples of bran, shorts, and chop feed, -which had been 

 collected throughout Canada, showed that 140 of these samples contained 

 noxious weed seeds, the average number being 57 per pound. Twenty-four of 

 the samples contained more than 100 noxious weed seeds per pound, and one 

 sample of chop feed held 1,104 seeds of wild oats, stickseed, catchfly, and stink- 

 weed per pound. Only 144 samples were free from vital weed seeds of any 

 kind. The following seeds were most common : Wild oats, wild mustard, hare's- 

 ear mustard, false flax, stinkweed, ball mustard, catchfly, docks, rag^veed, Can- 

 ada thistle, stickseed, western false flax, tumbling mustard, lamb's quarters, 

 wild buckwheat, green foxtail, lady's thumb, chess, American dragonhead, and 

 worm-seed mustard. 



The second part of the publication gives the results of feeding experiments, 

 by E. S. Archibald and F. C. Elford, carried on during the winter of 1914-15, 

 in which elevator screenings and their commercial separations were fed to dairy 

 cows, hogs, and lambs. It was found that black seeds for sheep were very 



