670 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Treatise on dairying, W. Fleischmann (Lehrbuch der Milchicirtschaft. 

 Berlin: P. Farcy, 1915, 5. ed., rev., pp. XII +597, pis. 2, figs. 59).— This is ttie 

 fifth edition of this work, revised and brought up to date. An English transla- 

 tion of the first edition, by C. M. Aikman and R. P. Wright, has been previously 

 noted (E. S. R., 8, p. 835). 



Relative value of feeds for dairy cows, E. S. Savage (Amer. Soc. Anim. 

 Prod. Proc. 191Jf, pp. 69-72). — The author points out the close agreement in 

 the amount of food deemed necessary under the Armsby, Kellner, Eckles, and 

 Scandinavian feed unit systems and the Huecker and Cornell standards, A 

 table is given showing the relative values of some of the common feetls for 

 dairy cattle. 



Keport on further experiments on the feeding' of dairy cows at Offerton 

 Hall, F. P. Walker {Durham County Council, Ed. Com., Offerton Bui. 5 (1915), 

 pp. JfO). — This is a continuation of work previously noted (E. S. R., 29, p. 172). 



It has been definitely determined that the total quantity of milk is not in- 

 fluenced by e^iual or unequal periods of milking, but that the fat percentage 

 is materially altered by the length of time between morning and evening 

 milkings. Cows milked at even periods gave more milk in the evening than in 

 the morning. The evening's milk was slightly the poorer in quality. 



A note, by S. H. Collins, on the variations in the amount of fat in milk due 

 to variations in the times of milking (E. S. R., 2.5, p. 177) is includeil. 



In an experiment to determine the effect of feetiing phosphates directly to 

 cows, precipitated bone phosphate was fed at the rate of 1 oz. per day. No 

 appreciable result was obtained either on the quantity or quality of the milk 

 produced. Apparently this material had no effect on the stimulation of the 

 nervous system; if anything, it had a depressing effect. The weight of cows 

 receiving the precipitated bone ash showed a sliglit increase. 



Experiments showed no advantage in milking three times a day as com- 

 pared with twice a day. 



Cows fed palm nut cake did not increase in weight as did those fed cotton 

 cake but they showed a looser skin witli a glossier look. The palm nut cake 

 gave a higher percentage of fat in the milk. 



[Experiments with dairy cattle], J. J. IIoopkr {Kentucky .S7rt. Rpt. 191//, 

 pt. 1, pp. 53, 5.}). — In an experiment in feeding all the cows first on ground 

 wheat and then on wheat bran, it was found that one of these feeds might 

 easily be substituted for the other. For every pound of bran that was sup- 

 plied in the grain mixture the cows produced 3.23 lbs. of milk and for every 

 pound of ground wheat 3.01 lbs. 



With a view to determining whether the period of oestrum would make a 

 considerable fluctuation in the milk and milk fat yield, 54 records have been 

 kept during the past three years. It was found tliat with some cows this 

 does cause a considerable variation, while with others it seems to have very 

 little effect. 



Records with 203 cows did not verify the conclusions of Guenon that there is 

 a correlation between the form of the escutcheon and milk and butter pro- 

 duction. 



Beets and mangels compared with silage for milk production, C. C. Hay- 

 den (.1/0. Bill. Ohio Stn., 1 {1916), Xo. 2. pp. .'f9~53) .—Tho results of experi- 

 ments conducted in 1889, 1890, 1891, and 1892, in comparing beets and mangels 

 with silage for milk production, a portion of which have been previously re- 

 ported (E. S. R., 5, p. 887), are suiniiiarized. They show daily differences in 

 the milk flow per cow in favor of beets of from 0.15 to 1.34 lbs. 



