DISEASES OF PLANTS. 749 



It is claimed that the two sj)i-ayiugs to be given, one just before and one 

 just after tliis period, should have a copper sulphate content of 2 per cent and 

 should be neutral rather than acid. Another tx'eatment should be applied at 

 about the end of the flowering stage. Each of these treatments should be sup- 

 plemented by application of the fungicide in the form of a powder, preferably 

 at the time when moisture or dew is present in order to secure adherence to 

 the plants. 



Advance notices regarding- mildew outbreak, J. Capus (Rev. Vit., 42 {1915), 

 No. 1092, pp. 461-46S). — This is a discussion of the conditions and indications 

 of mildew outbreak, and previous notices regarding the same, referring to the 

 1910 records in this connection. 



Grape chlorosis {Rev. Vit., J,2 {1915), No. 1092, pp. 411, //72).— The humid 

 weather of the past spring is said to have resulted in the appearance of chlorosis 

 in severe form, especially in grape stocks on soil, the lime content of which is 

 near the limit of tolerance. 



The application of iron sulphate by way of wounds, while efficacious, is said 

 to be impracticable as a general measure. A 0.4 per cent spray of iron sulphate 

 may be repeated two or three times without injury, a gi'eater strength burning 

 the leaves. Treatment must be pi'ompt in order to be effective. In case it is 

 thought advisable to combine a fungicidal treatment with that for chlorosis, 

 a solution containing 1.5 per cent of lime with 1 per cent each of copper sul- 

 phate and iron sulphate is prescribed. 



Carefully chosen American stocks are said to be resistant to the influence 

 of these limy soils. 



Mildew of raspberry fruits, A. Naumann {Slichs. Ztsrhr. Obst u. Gai'tejibau, 

 40 {1914), pp. 121-123; abs. in Mycol. Centbl., 5 {1915), No. 6, pp. 293, 294).— A. 

 iiiildew observed on raspberry fruits in Dresden appears to be due to Sphwro- 

 iiicca pannosa. 



The mopo disease of young- cinchona plants and the Javanese seed bed 

 fungus, A. Rant {Bid. Jard. Bot. BuUen::orfj. 2. ser.. No. 18 {1915). pp. 22, pis. 

 7). — The author describes the study of a fungus causing a seed bed disease of 

 cinchona called mopo in Java. The organism is thought to be identical with 

 Moniliopsis aderholdii. It is said to be common in Java and to be favored by 

 close planting in seed beds and by stagnation and humidity of the air, but to be 

 opposed by alkalinity of the soil. 



A bibliography is appended. 



Cottony rot of lemons in California, C. O. Smith {Calif ornm Sfa. Bui. 265 

 {1916), pp. 237-258, figs. 11). — A description is given of the decay of lemons, 

 commonly known as cottony rot or white mold, due to Sclerotinia Ubertiana. 

 This disease is said to be widely distributed in the lemon-growing section of 

 California and is characterized by a mass of white, cotton-like mycelial growth 

 that rapidly spreads over the infected lemons. The affected tissue, while some- 

 what softer than normal, does not present the characteristics of a typical soft 

 rot, as considerable firmness of the tissue may remain for some time. In ad- 

 vanced stages, however, the tissue becomes broken down and watery. 



The life history of the fungus and the results of artificial inoculations are 

 described. It has been found that the fungus attacks not only lemon fruit but 

 the twigs of mature trees, nursery stock, and sweet and sour orange seed bed 

 stock. The filaments of the fungus are able to enter and destroy a perfectly 

 sound lemon at any point of contact, no abrasion being necessary. Attempts 

 to inoculate the healthy, uninjured skin of a lemon with spores sprayed with 

 an atomizer failed to give positive results except at the stem and blossom ends 

 and rarely at points where two fruits were in contact. A study of strains of 

 the fungus isolated from bean, cucumber, lettuce, vetch, wild lettuce, citrus 



