EXPEEIMENT STATION RECORD. 137 



FIELD CROPS. 



Report of the department of farm crops, I. L. Owen and W. C. Boughner 

 (New Jersey Stas. Bpt. 19 H, pp. 201-206). — In this report data ai'e given on 

 the cost items in the production of various farm croiTs for 1914. 



The average costs and yields were, respectively, as follows: In a 10-acre 

 field of timothy $18.34 per acre, $5.32 per ton, and 3.45 tons per acre ; in a 14.5- 

 acre field of mixed hay $9.34 per acre, $3.87 per ton, and 2.4 tons per acre ; in a 

 9-acre field of alfalfa $1G.61 per acre, $4.45 per ton, and 3.73 tons per acre ; in a 

 27-acre field of alfalfa $12.25 per acre, $3.69 per ton, and 3.32 tons per acre ; in a 

 36-acre field of oats and peas $14.95 per acre, $9.96 per ton, and 1.5 tons per acre; 

 in a 6-acre field of rye followed by soy beans $13.22 per acre of rye straw, 1.95 

 tons per acre, and $16.24 per acre of soy beans and 11 bu. of seed per acre ; in a 

 24-acre field of silage corn $29.74 per acre, $3.49 per ton, 8.5 tons per acre ; in a 

 6-acre field of silage corn $19.79 per acre, $3.96 per ton, and 5 tons per acre ; and 

 in a 6-acre field of ear corn $23.81 per acre, 60 bu. of grain and 1 ton of stover 

 per acre. 



Cereal investigations on tlie Belle rourche experiment farm, C Salmon 

 iU. S. Dept. Ayr. Bui. 297 {1915), pp. 41, figs. i2).— This bulletin continues the 

 report of work with cereals on the Pierre clay soil at the farm at Newell, S. Dak., 

 previously noted in part (E. S. R, 23, p. 335 ; 25, p. 640). 



Experimental conditions regarding soil and climate and the methods em- 

 ployed are described and discussed. Results are given and discussed of experi- 

 ments with each cereal, namely, wheat, oats, barley, rye, emmer, and flax for 

 the experimentation period, 1908 to 1913, inclusive. The results are believed to 

 be applicable to western South Dakota, northeastern Wyoming, and southeastern 

 Montana. 



" On the average, satisfactory yields were obtained from winter wheat and 

 fairly good yields from spring wheat. . . . The best average yields of spring 

 wheat have been obtained from the durum varieties, Kubanka and Arnautka. 

 Of the spring common wheats, the best variety to grow appears to be the Power 

 Fife. The best rate of seeding for durum wheat is from 4 to 5 pk. to the acre 

 and for spring common wheat from 3 to 4 pk. The best varieties of winter 

 wheat for western South Dakota are the Kharkof, Turkey, and Crimean. These 

 are very similar varieties, which differ only slightly in value. Experiments to 

 determine the best date of seeding for winter wheat have failed to show any 

 definite results. In general, the date of seeding must be determined by the 

 seasonal conditions. Medium early seeding is to be preferred if there is suffi- 

 cient moisture to insure germination. It is much better to grow winter wheat 

 than spring wheat in the Belle Fourche section. The average yield of Kharkof 

 winter wheat for the six years was 21.2 bu., of the best durum 11.8 bu., and of 

 the best spring common 11.1 bu. 



" The best average yields of oats for the six years were obtained from the 

 Sixty-Day and Kherson varieties. The returns from this crop were much lower 

 than from winter wheat and slightly lower than from spring wheat. The best 

 rate of seeding for small-kerneled early varieties of oats, such as the Sixty-Day 

 and Kherson, is about 6 pk, to the acre. 



"The returns from barley were even less satisfactory than tlio,se from oats. 

 The best average yield for the six years was only 10.7 bu., and for the five years 

 from 1909 to 1913, only 9.7 bu. The most satisfactory varieties are those which 

 mature early, such as the 6-rowed varieties, Gatami and Odessa, and the 2-rowed 

 variety, White Smyrna. 



