210 EXPERIMENT STATION BECOED. 



Soil survey of Bullock County, Alabama, H. C. Smith and W. E. Wilkin- 

 son (U. S. Dept. Agr., Advance Sheets Field Operations Bur. Soils, 1913, pp. 50, 

 fig. 1, map 1). — This survey, made in cooperation with the State of Alabama, 

 was issued July 15, 1915. It deals with the soils of an area of 388,480 acres in 

 southeastern Alabama, which is divided physiographically into two parts, the 

 " prairie region," comprising the northern part, and the " sandy-lands region," 

 the southern part. The topography of the prairie region ranges from hilly and 

 even rough to undulating, while that of the sandy-lands region varies from a 

 broad, sandy upland plain to somewhat hilly country. The rougher areas are 

 excessively drained, while the lower uplands and the terraces require artificial 

 drainage. A large total area is subject to erosion. 



The soils of the county are broadly grouped into upland soils derived from 

 lime-bearing rocks and from unconsolidated sandy deposits of a later ago, second 

 terrace soils originating from rather recent stream action, and first bottom soils 

 subject to annual inundation and still in active process of formation. Thirty-two 

 soil types, representing 17 series and 1 miscellaneous type, are mapped, the Sus- 

 quehanna clay and fine sandy loam predominating. The Norfolk series, includ- 

 ing sand, fine and coarse sand, and fine sandy loam, is second in extent. 



Soil survey of Escambia County, Alabama, II. T. A. Burke, J. M. Snydeb, 

 A. il. O'Neal, Jr., and F. W. Kolb {V. S. Dept. Agr., Advance Sheets Field 

 Operations Bur. Soils, 1913, pp. 51, fig. 1, map 1). — This survey, made in cooj)- 

 eration with the State of Alabama and issuetl July 17, 1915, deals with the soil 

 characteristics of an area of 604,160 acres in southern Alabama, the topography 

 of which varies from level or gently rolling to rolling. The drainage is mainly 

 into the Conecuh River. 



Physiographically the county is divided into uplands extending to the river and 

 stream terraces, and lowlands which include the terraces and bottom lands of 

 the rivers and streams. The upland soils, derivetl through processes of weather- 

 ing from beds of sand, sand and gravel, or sandy clay, vary from gravelly sand 

 through sand and gravelly loam to sandy loam, fine sandy loam, and clay, and 

 with the exception of two types are generally well drained. The lowland soils 

 are of alluvial origin. Including swamp. 28 soil types, of 13 series, are mapped, 

 of which the Huston fine sandy loam is the most extensive. The Norfolk .series 

 is second in extent, the Norfolk fine sandy loam being widely developed through- 

 out the county. It is stated that one of the chief needs of the soils is organic 

 matter. 



Soil survey of the Fort Lauderdale area, Florida, M. Baldwin and II. W. 

 Hawker (f. »S. Dept. Agr., Advance Sheets Field Operations Bur. Soils, 1915, 

 pp. 52, pis. 9, fig. 1, map 1). — This survey, issuetl July 31. 1915. deals with the 

 soils of an area of 225,600 acres, comprising a relatively narrow strip of territory 

 extending from the Atlantic Ocean east of Fort Lauderdale to Lake Okechobee. 



The topography of the area is generally fiat and nearly level and natural drain- 

 age over most of the area is entirely inadequate, the only well-«lrained portion 

 being near the coast. The soils are classed as cumulose soils and soils derived 

 from marine sediments. The former, comprising muck and peat, are composed 

 mainly of vegetable matter in various stages of disintegration and decay, with 

 the admixture of various quantities of extraneous inorganic material and are by 

 far the most extensive. The loss on combustion of typical sample of muck was 

 found to average about 50 per cent. The loss on combustion of peaty muck was 

 65 to 84 per cent of the weight of the oven-dried sample. Peat had an ash con- 

 tent varying from 6 to 16 per cent. In addition to the peat and muck cunuilose 

 soils, 7 other soil series are recognized in the area, these, however, covering only 

 about 10.5 per cent of the area. 



