868 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



Calf-feeding experiments (Agr. Gaz. [London], 83 (1916), No. 2201, pp. 151, 

 152). — In experiments conducted at the college farm at Kilmarnock, Scotland, 

 one lot of 4 calves was fed on new milk, the actual quantity of whole milk 

 consumed being equivalent to an average of 1.75 gal. per calf per day over the 

 whole experimental period. Hay was fed ad libitum from the time the calves 

 were six weeks old, and linseed cake was introduced when the calves were 

 eight weeks old. In one trial the calves made an average weekly gain per calf 

 of 14.8 lbs. for the 16-week period, while in a second trial they made 12.6 lbs. 



Another lot of calves, which were fed whole milk for the first four weeks 

 and then gradually changed to a ration consisting of an average of 2 gal. of 

 separated milk and 0.75 lb. of crushed oats, together with hay and linseed 

 cake, made during one trial an average weekly gain of 12.7 lbs. per head and 

 during a second trial 12.1 lbs. A third lot of calves which were fed an aver- 

 age of 2 gal. of separated milk and 0.5 lb. of maize meal per calf per day, 

 together with hay and linseed cake, made average weekly gains of 12 lbs. per 

 head during one trial and of 12.1 lbs. during a second trial. 



A fourth lot of calves was fed an average of 1.75 gal. of whey and 2 lbs. of 

 calf meal per calf per day. The calves did not care for the whey and it had a 

 tendency to scour them. These calves made an average weekly gain of 9.5 lbs. 

 per calf during one trial and of 9.7 lbs. in a second trial. This ration was in 

 no way as satisfactory as the others. 



Excellent results were obtained from the separated milk with either crushed 

 oats or maize meal, fed as gruel, and it is stated that if separated milk is avail- 

 able it is doubtful if anything better is needed. 



Methods of handling sheep in California, F. A. Ellen wood (.Va^ ^\'ool 

 Grower, 6 (1016), ISo. 1. pp. 19-22). — Results of experiments are given which 

 show more rapid gains by hot-iron docked lambs than by knife docke<l lambs. 



Lambing methods in national forests of Southwest, R. R. Hill (Nat. Wool 

 GroHcr, 6 (1916), No. 3, pp. 7-10, figs. 2). — The author compares the open-range 

 and the pasture and corral methods of lambing. 



It has been found that the open-range method of lambing is not economical 

 on the mountain ranges of the national forests in the Southwest. The best 

 method of lambing is. theoretically, in coyote-proof pastures, but in practice the 

 best method to adopt on the average allotment in the Southwest is to lamb in 

 corrals and pastures in connection with the open range. The advantages of the 

 improved methods of lambing over the open-range method are (1) an increase 

 of from 3 to 7 per cent in the number of lambs secured; (2) improved condi- 

 tions for the development of the lamb during the most critical period of its 

 life; (3) a net saving of approximately 20 cts. per head on the ewes to lamb; 

 and (4) the protection of the season's growth of forage, insuring that it will 

 be available for lambing when needed. 



The cost of constructing all improvements necessary for lambing a band of 

 1,000 ewes should not exceed .51,0(X1. The amount of range required for such a 

 band during the five-week lambing period would vary from 3 to 5 sections, ac- 

 cording to the character of the forage and the general topography. The num- 

 ber of acres that should be inclosed would vary from 140 to 200 acres. The 

 pasture and corral method of lambing is well adapted to any sized outfit and 

 to any ordinary type of range commonly used for lambing in the Southwest. 



Improved management of national forest stock, W. C. Barnes (Nat. Wool 

 Grower, 6 (1916). No. 1, pp. 23-27). — This is a discussion of some of the prin- 

 cipal problems which have been investigated by the grazing division of the 

 Forest Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. It includes the open 

 herding system of sheep grazing, pasture and sheds for range lambing, grazing 



