234 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



is 2 bbls. per tree up to $2 per barrel when the production is only 0.5 bbl. per 

 tree. 



Seedless pears resulting from late frosts, G. Hostebmann (Ber. E. Gdrf. 

 Lehranst. Dahlon, 1913, pp. 61, 62, fig. 1). — In this note the author calls atten- 

 tion to the production of seedless pears resulting from the destruction of the 

 flowers by a late frost during the spring of the year 1913. 



A page of viticultural meteorology, A. Marescalchi {Ann. R. Accad. Agr. 

 Torino, 51 {lOl.'t), pp. 218-232, figs. 5). — The results of 40 years' observations 

 on meteorological conditions as related to grape growing at Montferrat are 

 .summarized. 



Grape pruning: The spur and long cane systems compared, T. J. Maney 

 {loiva Sta. Bui. 160 (1915), pp. 211-232, figs. 15).— This bulletin describes some 

 cooperative pruning experiments carried on near Council Bluffs during the 

 season of 1914 for a comparison of the spur system with the long cane and 

 spur renewal system. Practical instructions in pruning and training both 

 old and young grapevines are given. The bulletin concludes with a bibliography 

 of the more important publications on grape growing. 



As determined by the results for one season the vines pruned according to 

 the long cane system yielded on the average 41 per cent more grapes than the 

 spur-pruned vines, indicating that the long cane system must have some good 

 features. It is suggested that the grape grower set aside a few vines and test 

 the system for himself. 



Inheritance of certain characters of grapes, U. P. Hedbick and R. D. 

 Anthony (New York State Sta. Tech. Bvl. 45 (1915), pp. S-i9).— The contents 

 of this bulletin have been previously notetl from another source (E. S. R.. 33, 

 p. 641). 



The green grapes of direct bearers, L. Ravaz and S. Obiedoff (Prog. Agr. 

 ct Tit. (Ed. VEst-Ccntrc), 36 (1915), Xo. 38, pp. 275-28^, figs. S).— The authors 

 point out that there i.s an almost constant tendency among many of the direct- 

 bearing Franco-American grapes to produce a greater or less number of imma- 

 ture, usually green, berries in the bunches at harvesting time. An anatomical 

 study of a large number of these berries leads to the conclusion that they do not 

 fail to mature on account of lack of fertilization, but rather through exhaustion 

 of reserve material which is withdrawn by other berries In the bunches having 

 a better-developed conductive system. 



The hybrid direct bearers in the C6tes-du-Nord region in 1914. A. Des- 

 MOULiNs and V. Vii.lard (I'rog. Agr. ct Vit. (Ed. VEst-Ccntre). 36 (1915), No. 

 J,3, pp. 395-403).— In continuation of previous data (E. S. R.. 31, p. G37) obser- 

 jvations are given for the fifteenth year relative to the behavior of a large 

 number of hybrid direct-bearing grapes with special reference to their resistance 

 to disease and adaptation to various soil conditions. 



Observations on direct bearers in the Vaudois vineyards, H. Faes and F. 

 Porchet (Observations sur Ics Producteurs Directs dans le Vignoble Vaudois. 

 Lausanne: Station Viticolc de Lausanne, 1915, pp. 15; Terre Taud., 7 (1915), 

 Nos. 32, pp. 235-237; 34, PP. 252, 253; 36, pp. 264-266; 37, pp. 273, 274; 38, pp. 

 279, 280; 40, pp. 294-297). — This comprises a report of observations covering a 

 number of years relative to the behavior of a large number of direct-bearing 

 grapes in experimental vineyards located under the direction of the Viticultural 

 Station of Lausanne in different parts of the Canton of Vaud. Information is 

 given relative to the resistance of various stocks to mildew, phylloxera, and 

 climatic conditions, and also on the yield and quality of the grapes, must, and 

 wine. The more promising direct-bearing grapes observed in these experiments 

 are discussed at length. 



