RURAL ECONOMICS. 895 



footl and household supplies to members, and among associations organized by 

 artisans for buying on their common account the materials needed in their 

 work or for selling their products." 



Rural organization, community, county, division, state, H. A. Morgan and 

 H. K. Bryson {Col. Agr. Univ. Tenn., Ext. Div. Pub. 10 (1915), pp. 19, pi. 1, 

 fig. 1). — The authors believe that there should be organized in the local com- 

 munities, clubs whose membership have a common interest, and that the local 

 organizations should be federated into county, district, and state institutions. 

 Methods of procedure in the organizing of clubs and a model constitution and 

 by-laws are given. 



Country life week, 1915 {Ohio State Univ. Bui., 20 {1915), No. 6, pp. 70, 

 figs. 22). — This report contains abstracts of addresses presented at the second 

 country life conference (E. S. R., 33, p. 190), held at the Ohio State Univer- 

 sity, August 2-6, 1915, including tlie following : Rural Organization in Ohio, by 

 P. L. Vogt ; Church Administration and the Rural Problem, by W. F. Anderson ; 

 Tlie Psychology of Religion, by J. H. Snowden; Rural Resources for Church 

 Efficienc3% by G. W. Fiske; Progress in a Northwest Ohio Community, by W, 

 E. Grove ; Some Country Church Problems in Ohio, by C. M. McConnell ; The 

 Place of the Rural Y. M. C. A. Work in Ohio, by T. D. Lanham ; Annual Report 

 of the Executive Secretary of the Ohio Rural Life Association, by C. O. Gill ; 

 The Grange as a Community Builder, by L. J. Taber ; Agricultural Extension, 

 by C. S. Wheeler ; The Farm Bureau of County Agent Work, by G. W. Bush ; 

 and Causes of Feeble-Mindedness and Treatment of the Feeble-Minded, by E. J. 

 Emerick. 



Rural housing, W. G. Savage {London: T. Fi.^Jier Onwin, 1915, pp. X-\-ll-297, 

 pis. 16, figs. 5). — The author gives briefly the historical development of the 

 housing problem in England and Wales and describes how the housing con- 

 ditions may be improved. A brief review of the laws relating to rural housing 

 and sanitation is included. 



He summarizes his conception of the housing problem as follows : 



" Existing cottages are wearing or have worn out ; economic causes prevent 

 private enterprise erecting more in anything like sufficient and compensatory 

 numbers; the local authorities will not build if loss is likely to fall upon the 

 rates and the powers to make them are ineffective ; the State, through the Local 

 Government Board, exhorts and stimulates, but provides no pecuniary help ; 

 the problem is being solved in each place in whicli it arises by the migration 

 to town or colony of some of the best of the agricultural working classes. 



" If the shortage of houses is dealt with, the question of dealing with de- 

 fective houses presents no great administrative difficulty. The remedy for 

 defective houses is simple — it is more houses. If only there are enough houses 

 the defective houses can ])e closed or made fit." 



Periodic migrations of Irish agricultural laborers, J. Hooper {Interna t. 

 Inst. -Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bui. Econ. and Soe. Intel, 6 {1915), No. 12, pp. 105- 

 114). — The author points out the source of the migratory laborers, their extent, 

 types, character of work performed, wages, and savings. 



Suggestions concerning checking and tabulating farm management sur- 

 vey data {U. S. Dept. Agr., Office See. Farm. Manage. Circ. 1 {1916), pp. IfO). — 

 Assuming that the investigator is familiar with the methods of gathering farm 

 management survey data in the field, this pamphlet is intended as a desk 

 manual to aid in using these data. The subject is treated from the following 

 standpoints: Checking the office sheets, preliminary calculations, principles of 

 tabulation, classification of farms by tenure, and suggested tables. There is a 

 brief discussion under each of these headings, together with a number of 

 illustrative examples. 



