ANIMAL PEODUCTION. 265 



in every way to our own champions and first-prize winners. The cattle business 

 generally in South American countries is reported as in excellent condition, due 

 in part to competition produced by unusually large operations by United States 

 packers. 



Feeding in South Texas, H. M. Madison {San Antonio, Tex.: Publicity 

 League Chamber Com., 1914, pp. 18, figs. 9). — In this pamphlet a chart is given 

 showing the relative cost of meat production in the several sections of the 

 United States, it being estimated that the average cost per pound of gain in 

 fattening cattle in the South is 5.5 cts. and in the North, 9.41 cts. 



Oil meal as a food for skim-milk fed calves {California Sta. Rpt. 1915, p. 

 So). — Two lots of eight calves each were fed a gi-ain mixture of ground oats, 

 ground barley, and wheat middlings 2:2:2, one lot receiving 1 part of linseed 

 meal in addition to this mixture. Three other lots of eight calves each were fed 

 a grain mixture of ground milo maize and rolled barley 3 : 2, two of the lots 

 receiving 1 part of linseed meal in addition. The results of this experiment 

 indicate that the addition of oil meal to the grain ration does not materially 

 affect the gains made by skim-milk fed calves or the cost of the gains. Some 

 advantage was noticed, however, as I'egards the thriftiness of the calves receiv- 

 ing the oil meal. 



Wool authorities at San Francisco, J. M. Jones {Breeder's Gaz., 68 {1915), 

 A'o. IS, p. 498). — A meeting of sheep and wool specialists was held at San 

 Francisco from August 9 to 11, 1915. The chief topic under consideration was 

 the Australian system of shearing and classifying wool. The general sentiment 

 was in favor of the improved method, and it was urged that the question of 

 improved wool marketing be put before the sheepmen of the range States. 



Goat breeding-, A. Machens {Das Wissen des Ziegenziichters. Ratisbon: Josef 

 Habbcl, 1914, pp. 142, figs. 25). — A general discussion of methods of breeding, 

 feeding, care, and management of goats in Germany. 



Soiling V. pasturing- grain-fed pigs {California. Sta. Rpt. 1915, p. S5). — In 

 experiments in which two lots of 15 pigs each received the same amount of 

 barley, lot 1 receiving alfalfa as soilage and lot 2 being pastured on alfalfa, it 

 was found that the economy of soiling i\ pasturing depends on the cost of labor 

 and the location of the alfalfa field in relation to the hogi^ens. Only one-tenth 

 of an acre was cut for soiling during a period of 10 weeks, while four-tenths of 

 an acre was used for pasturing. The soiling lot received 5 per cent more barley 

 for a pound of gain than the pasture lot. The pigs on pasture were larger 

 framed when marketed but not quite so fat as those from the soiling lot. 



Animal husbandry, R. Withycombe {Oregon Sta., Rpt. East. Oreg. Sta., 

 1911-12, pp. 41-58). — Four lots of four hogs each fed for eight weeks all they 

 would eat of chopped grains, lot 1 receiving hull-less barley, lot 2 wheat, lot 3 

 field peas, and lot 4 rye, made total gains during the period of 76.5, 89, 124, and 

 61.5 lbs. per pig and consumed per pound of gain 4.75, 4.23, 3.34, and 4.4 lbs. of 

 grain for the respective lots. The gains made varied in direct proportion to the 

 amount of feed consumed, those consuming the largest amounts of grain pro- 

 ducing the most gain. 



In a similar test with smaller hogs, lot 1 receiving wheat and lot 2 peas, the 

 total gains for eight weeks were 77.57 and 88.43 lbs. per pig, requiring 4.05 and 

 3.56 lbs. of grain per pound of gain for the respective lots. 



In an experiment to determine the relative feeding value of supplementary 

 feeds in connection with a gi'ain ration, two lots of four hogs each were fed 

 eight weeks a full grain ration of barley, lot 1 also receiving all the sugar beets 

 they would eat and lot 2 all the alfalfa hay they would eat. They made total 

 gains for the period of 68.25 and 86.5 lbs. per pig, lot 1 consuming 4.18 lbs. of 

 barley and 0.34 lb. of sugar beets, lot 2 3.41 lbs. of barley and 0.41 lb. of alfalfa 



