DAIRY f' ARMING DAIRYING. 271 



3 days, 2 oz. per cow per day ; for the next 4 days, 4 oz. ; for the next 7 days, 

 7 oz. ; and for the next 21 days, 8 oz. The addition of calcium phosphate was 

 then stopped and the original ration continued for two Aveeks. 



The addition of calcium phosphate did not increase the amount of phosphoric 

 acid in the millv. The extra calcium phosphate did not effect an increase in the 

 percentage of fat, ash, or solids-not-fat. No definite effect on the yield was 

 observed. 



On the diffusible phosphorus of cow's milk, H. S. H. Wabdlaw (Jour, and 

 Froc. Roy. Soc. N. S. M'ales, 48 (WU), pt. 2, pp. 253-266) .—Thifi paper is an 

 account of the application of the method of quantitative dialysis to the study of 

 the diffusible phosphorus of cow's milk. 



It was found that when a large volume of milk is dialyzed against a small 

 volume of water tlie freezing point of the dialyzate after 24 hours approximated 

 to that of the milk, and did not change as the dialysis was continued ; a definite 

 state of equilibrium was therefore reached. Milk freed from fat in a centrifuge 

 contained 3 per cent more ash-forming substances than whole milk. The dif- 

 fusible calcium of cow's milk amounted to from 30 to 40 per cent of the total 

 present, and the diffusible phosphorus to from 35 to 55 per cent. 



A list of references relating to the subject is included. 



On the nature of the deposit obtained from milk by spinning in a cen- 

 trifuge, H. S. H. Wakdlaw (Jour, and Proc. Eoif. Soc. N. S. Wales, 48 (1914), 

 pt. 2, pp. 152-171, fl(j. 1). — The author summarizes the results of his studies as 

 follows : 



" The removal of suspended matter from milk by spinning in a centrifuge does 

 not lower the freezing point of the milk. The rate of deposition of the suspended 

 matter of milk in a centrifuge is not constant, first decreasing then increasing. 

 The amount of ash in the deposit shows a variation in the opposite direction to 

 that of the rate of deposition, first increasing then decreasing. . . . The per- 

 centages of calcium and of phosphorus in the ash of the deposit are not subject to 

 much variation ; the average values are CaO 43.1 per cent, P2O5 43.9 per cent. 

 The nitrogen content of the deposit is also fairly constant ; its average value is 

 11.5 per cent. . . . The average composition of the deposit is ash 8 per cent, 

 caseinogen 57 per cent, other protein 16 per cent, lactose 16 per cent, other non- 

 nitrogenous organic matter 3 per cent. A considerable portion (25 to 70 per 

 cent) of the deposit is soluble in water. The soluble portion contains the bulk 

 (up to 90 per cent) of the ash of the deposit." 



A list of references relating to the subject is included. 



What can be added to our laboratory methods and standards to improve 

 certified milk, J. Traum (Amer. Jour. Yet. Med., 10 (1915), No. 10, pp. 717-722, 

 748). — This paper, which was presented at the ninth annual meeting of the 

 American Association of Medical Milk Commissions, June 17, 1915, discusses 

 various laboratory methods for the determination of the bacterial content of 

 milk and makes suggestions as to their improvement. 



Experiments conducted by Stabler and Cooke at the veterinary science labora- 

 tory of the University of California to determine to what extent clarificatioD 

 would improve certified and other milks are reported. It was found that the 

 decrease of cellular elements is constant, varying from 70 to 86 per cent ; that 

 while the slime per cubic centimeter contains from 36 to 2,000 times as many 

 bacteria as the original milk, the final product yields a bacteria count that is 

 not very nmch different from the count before clarification ; and that the clarifier 

 has a capacity of removing only a limited amount of slime at one time, since a 

 fourth clarification of the same sample did not yield a smaller amount of slime 

 by weight than the first clarification. 



