278 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



that the infection of pigs with avian tuberculosis can be prevented most effec- 

 tively by isolating the pigs and the poultry and taking drastic measures for the 

 eradication of the disease amongst the latter." 



Observations upon the tuberculin test as applied to bovine animals, F. C. 

 Mason {Dept. Ayr. and Tech. Instr. Ireland Jour., 15 (1915), No. 2. pp. 318- 

 S31). — This report presents temperature charts which record the results of 

 experiments with 300 reacting cows. The conclusions arrived at have been 

 summarized by the author as follows : 



" It has been proved beyond doubt that an injection of tuberculin will 

 confer upon a tuberculous animal the power of resistance to a second injection 

 for a certain period. If the amount of the first injection be increasetl, no 

 increase in length of the period of resistance to a second injection occurs. 

 This acquired power of resistance to the action of tuberculin, was found to be 

 retained for one week in 100 per cent of cases, two weeks in 50 per cent of 

 cases, and three weeks in 33 per cent of cases. In no case did it continue for 

 four weeks. 



" If in testing animals which had previously received an injection of tuber- 

 culin a double dose be employed, then a reaction will be obtained between the 

 third and sixth hours in at least 45 per cent of cases. Repeatetl injections of 

 tuberculin at intervals of 14 days or 21 days gradually increases the number 

 of animals in the groups which will resist a further injection. It has been 

 found that if a group of animals be injected with a dose of tuberculin every 

 14 days until four doses have been given, then on the fifth injection no reaction 

 follows in any of the animals. A longer period is required to obtain the same 

 results if the doses be separated by three weekly intervals. 



" The ophthalmic and intradermal methods of testing have proved entirely 

 satisfactory in our hands. Easily demonstrable reactions have been obtaine<l 

 in animals previously or simultaneously subjected to subcutaneous injection 

 of tuberculin, also in animals tested by the ophthalmic and intradermal 

 methods one week previously." 



Failure of tuberculin to cause reaction in tubercular cattle, H. K. Bekry 

 (Vet. Alu77ini Quart. [Ohio State Univ.], S (1915), No. 2, pp. 50-^4).— A table Is 

 given of the temperatures and post-mortem findings of 178 cattle which gave no 

 reaction to the tuberculin test but were found to have tubercular lesions. 



The production and detection of specific ferments for the typhoid-coli 

 group, G. H. Smith (Sciciwe, n. ser., 42 (1915), Xo. 1080, pp. 354, 355). — Experi- 

 ments reported indicate that previous treatment of the bacteria with immune 

 serum renders them more susceptible to assimilation by the body and thus en- 

 ables them to bring about a more rapid formation of the specific ferments which 

 may be detected by the Abderhalden test. 



Diseases and treatment of the horse, cow, and hog, W. U. Gordon (Wina- 

 mae, Ind.: Loehrke d Gordon, 1914, PP- I'+^44)- — -^ popular work. 



Investigation of live stock conditions and losses in the Selby smoke zone, 

 C M. Haring and K. F. Meyer (U. S. Dept. Int., Invest. Lice Stock Conditions 

 and Losses in Selby Smoke Zone, 1915, pp. 474-502, pis. 3). — " It appears prob- 

 able that in the past considerable damage to horses has occurre<l in the smoke 

 zone from lead emanating from the Selby smelter. The effects of this previous 

 injury are still evidenced by a number of long-standing cases of roaring in horses. 

 The clinical symptoms of roaring in these horses are due to partial paralysis of 

 those muscles of the larynx supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerves. This 

 paralysis is probably due to the ingestion of lead. In some cases aspiration pneu- 

 monia, on account of the paralysis of the pneumogastrlc nerve, had developed. 



"The value of the animals affected Is reduced 50 to 90 per cent, according 

 to the severity of the paralysis. In two cases fatal results have been brought on 



