874 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



per cent. The feeding of this material to dairy cattle resulted in increased 

 milk and fat yields. 



The feeding of sesame cake to dairy cattle, R. Giuliani {Ann. 1st. Agr. 

 [Milan], 12 {IDl^-l.'t), pp. 1-69). — Experiments in the feeding of sesame cake to 

 dairy cattle resulted in increased milk and fat yields. Butter was produced 

 sooner and at a lower temperature from cream from cows fed sesame cake 

 than from those fed linseed cake. The Polenske and Reichert-Meissl numbers 

 were lowered. 



Tlie work of the agricultural colleges and experim.ent stations in its rela- 

 tion to a better milk supply, W. A. Stocking {Milk Dealer, 5 (1916), No. 6, 

 pp. 20-23, fig. 1). — This paper has been previously referred to (E. S. R., 33, 

 p. 702). 



Data collected in inspection work in Ithaca, N. Y., are presented. It is shown 

 that at the beginning of the inspection work in 1907, 98 farmers were producing 

 milk for the city. Of this number, 31 had milk houses, 4 used a small-top milk 

 pail, and 1 used a damp cloth for wiping the udder just before milking. In 

 1914 there were 124 producers, of whom 62 had suitable milk houses, 60 used 

 small-top milk pails, and 12 used a damp cloth. During all this period, it has 

 been the purpose of the inspectors to give as much assistance as possible, both 

 to producers and dealers, and improvements made are attributed to friendly 

 cooperation and assistance. 



Milk and cream contests, E. Kelly, L. B. Cook, and J. A. Gamble {U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Bui. .^56 {1916). pp. 2.i). — The subjects discussed in this bulletin are 

 national contests, how contests are conducted, educational features, exliibitions, 

 average scores of recent contests, and benefits of milk contests to dairymen. 

 Suggestions are given for the production of contest milk. 



[Use of milk and milk products] {Cong. Rcc, 53 {1916), No. 87, pp. 6039- 

 Q0If2). — This reviews statements from various dairy experts, agricultural 

 authorities, farm journals, and newspapers on the condition of the milk supply 

 in this country and tlie need fur more elToclive inspection and legislation. 



Experiments in pasteurizing milk by means of the " universal pasteur- 

 izer" in Denmark. A. V. Lund {Bcr. K. Vet. og Landbohijjskolc* Lab. Landd- 

 honom. Jorsiig [Copenhagen], 86 {litUi), pp. 56-72. fig. 1; ahs. in Inienwt. Imt. 

 Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel. a)ul Plant Di!<eases. 6 {1915), No. 7, pp. 986- 

 088). — In Denmark, under the law dealing with the combating of tuberculosis in 

 domestic animals, the pasteurization is obligatory of all skim milk and butter- 

 milk given to cattle, so tliat it gives a negative reaction to Storch's test (E. 

 S. R., 10, p. 384) ; i. e., the milk must be heated to at least 80° C. The ap- 

 paratus often used is the so-called " universal pasteurizer," a regenerative heat- 

 ing apparatus in which the milk, after being heated, is coole<l before leaving 

 the pasteurizer. 



In experiments it was found that if the milk from an ordinary pasteurizer 

 has, on reaching the weighing receptacle, a temperature that would allow a 

 positive reaction to Storch's test, the capacity for such reaction can be neu- 

 tralized by the subsequent admission into the vessel of superheated milk. 

 This, however, can not happen if the milk comes from the " universal pas- 

 teurizer " or similar apparatus, hence if milk capable of giving a positive re- 

 action enters the weighing receptacle it retains that capacity in spite of any 

 subsequent rise, however great, in the pasteurizer itself. The reading of the 

 thermometer on the " universal pasteurizer," taken at the same time as the 

 sample, thus affords no evidence as to how the milk in the weighing receptacle 

 will react. A relatively small quantity of milk capable of positive reaction can. 

 when added to the milk in the weighing receptacle, cause the latter to react. 



