878 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



its antiserum the fixation complex was generally shown to be present in the 

 precipitate. The fixation complex may, however, be present in the super- 

 natant fluid, and was in most instances so found when a bacterial extract 

 was added to an immune serum. 



" In certain combinations it seems definitely shown that the fixation com- 

 plex is present in that fraction (supernatant or precipitate) in which the 

 protective bodies are absent. Thus in the case of pneumococcus precipitate 

 produced by adding the extract of pneumococcus to antiserum from the horse, 

 the protective bodies are present in the precipitate and the fixation complex 

 is present in the supernatant fluid. The exact reverse is true in a combination 

 of rabbit antihorse serum and horse antipneumococcus serum." 



A bibliography of 28 references is appended. 



Kidney lesions in. chronic anaphylaxis, T. H. Boughton {Jour. Immuiwl., 

 1 {1916), No. 1, pp. 105-118, figs. 5). — Material examined from 23 guinea pigs 

 demonstrated that " repeated anaphylactic shock induced ... by injections 

 of egg white or beef serum is able to produce lesions of the kidney that are 

 not produced by acute anaphylaxis, nor by the repeated injection of these 

 proteins in refractory animals. These lesions consist principally of necrosis 

 of tubular epithelium, proliferation of glomerular capillary endothelium, and 

 swelling and degeneration of the intima and media of small vessels. Small 

 diffusely scattered areas of round-celled infiltration were observed in nearly 

 all cases, somewhat similar to the areas observed in the controls, but usually 

 larger, and invariably much more numerous than the spontaneous lesions. 

 In this series the lesions noted are to be considered as subacute rather tlian 

 chronic." 



Biological researches on the eosinophils, M. Weinberg and P. S6guin 

 {A7in. Inst. Pasteur, 2S {WIJ,), Xo. 5. pp. .',10-508, pis. 2).— From the investiga- 

 tion the authors have shown that the eosinophils, as well as the other white 

 cells, possess chemotactic properties for certain toxic substances, as well as 

 the original parasite, to an even greater extent than the other leucocytes. 

 When the " eosinotactic " substances are absorbed in the infected tissue they 

 cause a stimulation to the production of a large number of eosinophils and 

 thus produce a local eosinophil la. This local action does not depend entirely 

 on the toxic substance or parasites, but more especially on the nimiber of 

 eosinophils in the blood of the experimental animal. When thej' are present 

 in gi'eat numbers the eosinotactic substances apparently cause an afflux of 

 polynuclear neutrophils. This result has also been obtained by injecting 

 helminth products in the conjunctival ti.ssue of the horse or in the muscle 

 of the guinea pig. Intraperitoneal injection of such toxins into guinea pigs 

 does not produce an afflux of eosinophils from the blood in the peritoneal 

 exudate, since the eosinophils are arrested in the neighboring tissues of the 

 peritoneum and thus constitute a local eosinophilia. 



The intense local eosinophilia observetl in the phenomenon of Arthus, attrib- 

 uted by some investigators to the chemotactic action of the eosinophils, has 

 not been definitely determined. Injection into the peritoneal cavity does not 

 produce a local eosinophilia in the lungs of the animal which survives the 

 anaphylactic shock. The pulmonary eosinophilia, which is considered as a 

 characteristic lesion of nonfatal anaphylaxis by some, preexists to a large 

 extent as an eosinophilia in the blood. Such a condition manifests itself about 

 15 minutes after the injection of a sensitized guinea pig, and is considered a 

 natural consequence of anaphylaxis. The direct action of the antigen on the 

 hematopoietic center seems thus to be explained. 



Biological researches on the eosinophils, II, M. Weinbebg and P. S£guin 

 {Ami. Inst. Pasteur, 29 {1915), No. 7, pp. S2S-SJ,6, pis. 2; abs. in Jour. Roy. 



