88 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 41 



In the treatment of cases of streptococcic and staphylococcic infection, the 

 method employed lias been the routine local treatment followed by the use of 

 an autogenous vaccine or a stock vaccine containing from 4 to 10 strains of 

 streptococci. The latter vaccine was prepared by growing the streptococci in 

 dextrose bouillon for 24 hours, killing by heat, and diluting with physiological 

 salt solution to approximately one billion per cubic centimeter. This was pre- 

 served in a 0.5 per cent solution of carbolic acid and injected daily in increasing 

 doses from 1.5 billion to 4 billion organisms on the seveanh day. This method 

 of treatment has proved successful in the cases studied. 



Investig'ations concerning the prevalence and distribution of poultry dis- 

 eases in New Jersey, H. R. Lewis {New Jersey Stas. Rpt. 1911, pp. 175-177). — 

 Of 140 diseased fowls sent to the poultry department from various parts of 

 the State during the year, 58 were suffering from diseases of the reproductive 

 system. Several that had never laid an egg were found to be suffering from 

 miscarriage and reabsorption of the ova, and it is suggested that this may be 

 one of the causes in some pedigree laying flocks for the low production by some 

 individuals which have every external appearance of high production. 



Experiments on the intradermal test for Bacterium pullorum, M. Scherago 

 and J. r. Benson (Cornell Vet., 9 (1919), No. 2, pp. 111-119).— A compar- 

 ative study is reported of the agglutination test for the presence of B. pul- 

 lorum infection in fowls and the intradermal test proposed by Ward and Gal- 

 lagher (E. S. R., 36, p. 884). Both tests were used on 134 fowls, and the most 

 typical reactors to either or both tests were used in retests to check the results 

 obtained at first and to observe the influence of previous injections with the 

 intradermal test fluid on subsequent agglutination and intradermal tests. 



From results which are summarized in tabular form, the authors conclude 

 that the intradermal test is so inconsistent as to be worthless as a diagnostic 

 agent for B. pullorum infection in adult fowls. As possible reasons for the in- 

 consistency of the test, it is suggested that edema is likely to develop and 

 persist for some time after injection even with the introduction of sterile water, 

 the introduction of any foreign protein is likely to give the same results, and 

 hematomes are very apt to develop after injection and interfere with the 

 reading. 



The experiments also indicated that a previous injection of the intradermal 

 fluid caused at least 85 per cent of the birds retested to react to the agglutina- 

 tion test, regardless of their i-eaction in the original test. 



Gapes in chickens, H. Atwood and C. A. Lueder (West Virginia Sta. Circ. 

 SO (1919), pp. -i). — A brief summary of information on this affection, means 

 for its prevention, and remedial measures. An outbreak of the affection at 

 the station farm in 1900 and 1901 was eradicated through the practice of burn- 

 ing all chickens that died of the disease, and keeping the young chickens shut 

 up until after the dew had dried off in the morning. 



In a study made of recently hatched gape worms the jmiior author found them 

 to be extremely susceptible to a very dilute solution of creolin or carbolic acid. 

 A solution of 3 drops of creolin in a pint of water killed the newly hatched 

 worms in from 30 to GO seconds. This led to the conclusion that creolin added 

 to the drinking water would serve as a remedy, since the medicated water 

 would necessarily flush the surfaces to which the worms had just become at- 

 tache<l and so kill them, and experiments were conducted that proved the cor- 

 rectness of this hypothesis. 



Tuberculosis in farm poultry, W. W. Dimock and L. E. Willey (loicn S!ta. 

 Circ. 56 (1919), pp. S-12, fujs. 6). — A popular summary of information relative 

 to tuberculosis in fowls. 



