164 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 1 Vol. 41 



during the summer of 1919, and gives advice as to prevention of damage and 

 remedies. 



An European scale insect becoming a raenace in Pennsylvania, J. G. 

 Sanders (Jour. Econ. Ent., 12 {1919), No. 1, pp. 90, 91). — Lecanium prunastri, 

 which has in recent years become established in Pennsylvania, having been 

 recorded a number of times from various places in central Pennsylvania at 

 rather mdely scattered points, has become sufficiently abundant in a fevp' 

 localities in the past two or three years to cause genuine damage and alarm to 

 fruit growers. Some branches of the peach are said to have become com- 

 pletely covered with the scale, badly dwarfed, and ultimately killed. In 

 orchards where the customary winter dormant spray with lime-sulphur is 

 practiced the scale has not assumed dangerous proportions. Peach, sweet 

 cherry, and apricot are its principal host plants. 



Recent results in the fumigation of citrus trees witk liquid hydrocyanic 

 acid, R. S. Woglum (Jour. Econ. Ent., 12 (1919), No. 1, pp. 117-123, pi. i).— The 

 author describes the successful use of liquid hydrocyanic acid in California, 

 where he has been conducting an investigation of it with special reference to 

 dosage requirements and during 1918 closely followed the fumigation of more 

 than 500 acres of citrus trees. 



In an experiment to determine the diffusion of the gas it was found that in 

 each of 7 tented trees scale-kill was more effective against the purple scale 

 toward the bottom of the tree than toward the top. Similar results were ob- 

 tained from 6 small trees infested with the red scale (Chrysornphalus au- 

 rantii) fumigated with liquid hydrocyanic acid, thus differing from pot gen- 

 erated gas with which the killing effect is decidedly better toward the top of 

 the tent. In this respect liquid hydrocyanic acid fumigation is advantageous, 

 since the infestation of scale insects on large citrus fruit trees is usually 

 most severe on the lower or more protected part of the trees, this being especi- 

 ally true of the purple scale. 



The other advantages in favor of liquid hydrocyanic acid indicate that this 

 new method will displace all others. " The cost of tent mending is almost en- 

 tirely done away with, as liquid hydrocyanic acid is harmless to cloth. The 

 treatment of small trees, frequently with such poor results in the past, can be 

 performed with greater accuracy and corresponding certainty of results. 

 Greater speed in tree treatment can be attained than previously, and it appears 

 possible that the quantity of hydrocyanic acid required for scale-kill can be 

 slightly reduced over that formerly required." 



[Codling' moth investigations] (New Mexico Sta. Rpt. 1918, pp. 41-43). — 

 This is a brief statement of investigations carried on in continuation of those 

 reported in a bulletin previously noted (E. S. R., 39, p. 765). The spraying 

 work is reported in tabular form. 



The status of the oriental peach moth, E. N. Cory (Jour. Econ. Ent., 12 

 (1919), No. 1, pp. 81-8.'f). — A brief statement of the occurrence of Laspeyresia 

 molesta in Maryland, an account of which pest by Garman is given in a bulletin 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 40, p. 756). 



Euclemensia bassettella, the Kermes parasite (Microlepidoptera, Tineoidea, 

 Oeceophoridae), A. H, Hollinger and H. B. Parks (Ent. News, 30 (1919), No. 

 Jf, pp. 91-100, pi. 1). — The authors review the literature relating to this micro- 

 lepidopteran, and report observations on its occurrence in aiissouri and Texas. 

 These are followed by an account of its biology at College Park, Tex. 



The species is shown to be a Kermes parasite and not a gall feeder as previ- 

 ously i-eported. The larvae have habits differing from those of other Kermes- 

 infesting Lepidoptera. There appears to be but one generation a year, and no 



