230 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.41 



alfalfa per hectare sown on good soil. On lime-poor soil, mixtures containing 

 a large pj-oportiou of bird's foot clover {Lotus cornicuhitus) succeeded best. 

 The results from drilling and broadcasting the seed mixtures differed but little. 

 Cultural experiments were conducted also with oil and fiber plants. Yellow 

 mustard produced the best yield where sown at the rate of 4 kg. per hectare. 

 In another test drilling in rows 16 cm. apart gave the best results, liusjsiau 

 sunflowers compai'ed with two other varieties led in yield with about 2,500 kg. 

 of seed per hectare. Planting the sunflower seed April 17 proved best. The 

 yield was only slightly larger than that from a planting made May 1, but 

 planting May 18 was found too late for good results. Brief directions for 

 harvesting sunflower seed are given. The highest yield and quality of flax 

 seed and flber were obtained from sowing April 2.j. Hemp sown April 30 gave 

 a higher yield than that sown May 14. 



[Work in 1917 at the experiment stations at Leteensiio and in Syd-Oster- 

 botten], E. A„ Malm {Finslca Mosslmlturfor. Arsbok, 22 (1918), No. 1, pp. 12- 

 19). — At Leteensuo, the yields of hay on meadows drained by ditches of dif- 

 ferent depths were in favor of the depth of. 0.5 meter (19.18 in.) as compared 

 with 0.75 meter and 1 meter depths. The ditches were dug 10, 20, and 30 

 meters apart and where the distances were 10 and 20 meters the yields were 

 about equal. The smallest yields were secured where the ditches were 30 

 meters apart. 



The effect of sand and clay applied to bog soils was studied. Applications 

 of clay and sand were made at the rates of 100, 200, 300, and 400 cul)ic 

 meters per hectare. The increase in yields was greater where the clay had 

 been used than where the sand was applied. However, an application of 

 100 kg. of phosphoric acid or of this amount with 100 kg. of potash per hec- 

 tare produced increases in yield very much greater than those secured from 

 the use of either sand or clay alone. The highest yield of hay, 6,240 kg. 

 per hectare on the soil treated with sand, was obtained where 300 cubic 

 meters of sand and phosphoric acid and potash had been given, while on the 

 soil treated with clay the best return, 7,096 kg. of hay per hectare, was ob- 

 tained where only 100 cubic meters of clay were applied with the phosphoric 

 acid and potash. 



It is pointed out in this connection that some years ago Swedish turnips 

 were grown on a series of plats treated with clay in the manner described 

 and receiving also 200 kg. of bone meal and 300 kg. of kainit per hectare. 

 The best yield, 28,900 kg. per hectare was secured from the treatment of 

 300 cubic meters of clay and the least, 15,100 kg. per hectare, where no clay 

 had been given. The plat treated with 400 cubic meters produced 26,800 kg. 

 of turnips per hectare, standing next to the highest yield. 



The results of experiments in applying lime at different rates on bog lands 

 treated with sand and clay were not conclusive. Only in one instance, where 

 3,000 kg. of lime p(>r hectai-e were applied in 1907 and again in 1913, and 

 where during the particular crop season 200 kg. of bone meal and 300 kg. 

 of kainit or 230 kg. of ammonium sulphate in addition to this application were 

 used per hectare, did lime appear to increase the yield of hay, the increase 

 being 932 and 2,225 kg. per hectare for the two applications, respectively. 



In a comparison of Thomas slag and so-called Bernard phosphate as fer- 

 tilizers for oats, the best yields of grain and straw were obtained with the 

 Thomas slag. The two fertilizers were applied with 500 kg. of kainit at the 

 i-ate of 40 and 80 kg. per hectare. In a tost of superphosphate and the so- 

 called diphosiilmte on Innd not treated with either sand or clay, it was found 

 that the results were slightly in favor of the diphosphate. In a third ex- 



