160 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 41 



Under the heading of Injurious Insects, worlv with the codling moth in con- 

 tinuation of that of the previous j-ear (E. S. R., 40, p. 162) is first discussed, 

 the details relating to experimental work being reported in part in tabular 

 form. The general conclusions drawn are similar to those of the previous 

 year. 



A brief summary of information on the apple and thorn skeletonizer 

 {HemeropMla pariana), together with a bibliography of 17 titles, is given. 

 An account of this insect by the author has been previously noted (E. S. R., 

 38, p. 60). 



The potato aphis {Macrosiphum solcmifoUi) , nest considered, occurred in 

 great numbers during 1917 and was a source of considerable loss, particularly 

 in the southeren part of the State. Experiments during the year are said 

 to have demonstrated the efficacy of the nicotin soap preparations (0.75 pint 

 of 40 per cent nicotin to 100 gal. of water to which are added fi'om 6 to 8 lbs. 

 of any cheap soap). 



Under the heading Notes for the Year, the author discusses the more im- 

 portant fruit tree insects, smaU fruit insects, grass and grain pests, garden 

 insects, and gall insects. Part 6 of A Study of Gall Midges (E. S. R., 40, 

 p. 163), which deals with the tribe Itonididinariae, is appended (pp. 76-205). 



[Experimental entomological work], H. E, Waterbury {Ann. Rpt. Dist. 

 llort. Insp. Yakima County, ll'a.s7t., I'Jll, pp. 25-54, fly- 1; Bien. Rpt. Dept. Agr. 

 Wash., 3 (1911-18), pp. 78-87). — Experiments with paste arsenate of lead for 

 control of the codling moth confirm the results obtained the previous year 

 (E. S. R., 38, p. 653). Four lbs. to 50 gal. of water shows about 10 per cent 

 more clean fruit than 2 lbs. to 50 gal., and 30 per cent more clean fruit than 

 1 lb. to 50 gal. The results indicate, however, that 4 lbs. to 50 gal. is not 

 necessary throughout the season, but that the beneficial results of the stronger 

 solution are gained in the later applications. 



In the experimental work, powdered arsenate of lead gave over 14 per cent 

 more clean fruit than paste lead of equivalent strength. The results obtained 

 from the use of nicotin sulphate during the year failed to confirm the earlier 

 results (E. S. R., 38, p. 653), and led to the conclusion that nicotin under 

 lower valley conditions is not so effective against codling moth as is arsenate 

 of lead. In one experimental plat the nicotin was as effective as the lead but 

 no more effective. 



The use of calcium arsenate as a spray was unsatisfactory, due to its effect 

 on fruit and foliage. This effect was noted about the middle of July, and by 

 picking time a considerable proportion of the leaves had fallen and a burned 

 area around the stems of some of the apples was noticeable. In addition 

 there was a larger percentage of windfalls on the plat sprayed with calcium 

 arsenate, this doubtless being due to the burning of the stems. The author 

 considers it probable, however, that the burning was in part due to the con- 

 dition of the orchard, which was allowed to become very dry during the 

 summer. 



The use of distillate oil emulsion at the rate of 1.5 gal. to 100 gal. of 

 water destroyed the red spider with a single spray, and there was no burn- 

 ing or any other injui'y noticeable. 



A summary is given of the results obtained from banding 230 trees for the 

 codling moth. 



Insects injurious to the hop in New York, with special reference to the 

 hop grub and the hop redbug, I. M. Hawley (iVew York Cornell Mem. 15 

 {1918), pp. lJf7-224, flya. 62). — This is a report of investigations commenced 

 in the spring of 1913 and continued in 1914 and 1915, the greater part of the 

 account relating to investigations of the hop vine borer or hop grub {Qortyna 



