182 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 41 



is a list of substances whose galactopoietic porperties were tested, together 

 with the daily dosage: (1) Ethyl alcohol, 4 oz. in water twice daily, (2) castor 

 oil, 16 oz. in the evening and 8 oz. in the morning, (3) pituitary extract injected 

 subcutaneously, 1 dram in the evening, 1 in the morning, and 2 at noon, (4) 

 pilocarpin hydrochlorid 2 grains and physostigmin beuzoate 0.5 grain hypo- 

 dermically thrice daily, (5) aloes, 1 oz. in water in the evening for two cows, 

 G drams in the evening in the case of the third cow, and (6) magnesium sul- 

 phate 8 ozs. and nux vomica 1.5 drams in the evening. Treatments were 

 apparently begun after the evening milking, with the milk records of the experi- 

 mental periods starting the next morning. The average records of the three 

 cows show no increased milk yields following any of the treatments, and 

 except for treatment (6) no decrease greater than 0.2 lb. per day. Some 

 modifications of the fat percentages were noted, but none resulted in significant 

 changes in amount of the fat except perhaps the reductiou following pituitrin 

 extract of 0.21, 0.16, and 0.1 lb., respectively, in the daily butter-fat yields of 

 the three animals. 



These experiments were made at the Iowa Experiment Station. 



Influence of environment and breeding in increasing dairy production, II, 

 A. C. McCandlish, L. S. Gilletto, and H. H. Kildee (loica Sta. Bid. 188 {1919), 

 pp. 61-88, figs. 27).— This is a second edition of Bulletin 165 (E. S. R., 35, p. 

 570), revised to cover all lactation records completed by August 3. 1918, iuclud- 

 ing some records of second generation grades. It thus summarizes the first 11 

 years of an experiment in the systematic grading up of unimproved dairy stock 

 under conditions where precise records could be kept. Essentially all the data 

 in the earlier publication are given except the results of digestion trials. In 

 the tabular material in the body of the bulletin the milk and the fat records are 

 now corrected for age so as to permit a more precise comparison of daughters 

 and dams. The corrections are based on the conclusion, drawn from a study of 

 the records of 10,000 cows, that on an average a heifer as a yearling is capable 

 of producing 70 per cent, as a 2-year-old 80 per cent, as a 3-year-old 85 per cent, 

 and as a 4-year-old 95 per cent of her mature yield of milk and butter fat. In 

 an appendix the uncorrected figures for each lactation are published. 



The 7 cows brought from Arkansas as mature animals have completed 30 

 lactations, the 7 of Arkansas stock developed in Iowa 28 lactations, 4 half-blood 

 Holsteins 17 lactations, 3 half-blood Jerseys 7 lactations, 6 half-blood Guern- 

 seys 16 lactations, and 5 second generation heifers 6 lactations. 



The change in methods of treating the data necessitated no modifications in 

 the conclusions to be drawn from them. The second generation grades aver- 

 aged better than their dams and grand-dams in yield, persistency, and economy 

 of production. It is noted that the daughters of one of the pure-bred Guernsey 

 bulls showed no substantial increase over their dams' records, while heifers 

 sired by another Guernsey bull showed a 35 per cent increase. Among the first 

 generation grades were two full sisters; one averaged 37 per cent more and 

 the other 23 per cent less butter fat thaa the dam. 



Dairying' in northwestern Arkansas, N. Raddeb {Hoard's Dairyman, 57 

 {1919), No. 23, pp. 1139, 1160, figs. 3). — This is an account of improvement in 

 dairying in the Ozarli region since the northwestern counties of Arkansas be- 

 came tick-free in September, 1917. A large number of dairy cows have been 

 purchased in Wisconsin and other northern states. In one county where the 

 Ijiinks could not extend the necessary credit to the farmers under the Federal 

 Reserve Act owing to the sliort-time provision, the county agent arranged with 

 AVisconsin farmers to furnish 250 cattle on three years' credit. It is stated that 

 a large number of silos are being ct)ustructed. 



