1919] DISEASES OF PLANTS. 349 



spot of cherries due to Coccomyces hiemaUs, formerly known as Cylindrospori am 

 padi. For the control of leaf spot the authors recommend spraying sour cher- 

 ries with lime-sulphur solution or Bordeaux mixture and sweet cherries with 

 dilute lime-sulphur solution. 



Notes on vine black spot or anthracnose, F. de Castella and C. C. Brittle- 

 BANK {Jour. Dept. Agr. Victoria, 16 (1918), No. 1, pp. Jf20-Jf25). — It is stated that 

 the fears expressed in the communication previously noted (B. S. R., 38, p. 853) 

 have been fully realized, vine black spot or anthracnose having appeared with a 

 virulence corresponding to the unusual humidity of the season and hitherto un- 

 precedented in this State, but varying somewhat with different grape varieties. 

 Although this is a slow spreading fungus as compared with Oi'dium or downy 

 mildew, it has been steadily disseminated through the agency of such carriers 

 as birds and insects until it now constitutes a menace of extreme gravity. 

 Modes of treatment as recommended are detailed, for both winter and summer. 

 Discussion is also given of cultural conditions considered as important in this 

 connection. 



Black spot and leaf curl, W. Laidlaw and C. C. Brittlebank {Jour. Depi. 

 Ayr. Victoria, 16 {1918), No. 8, pp. 479-488, figs. Ji).— This is an account of ex- 

 perimentation covering four seasons, and at least in part reported elsewhere 

 (E. S. R., 40, p. 749). 



Disease of the vine [New South Wales] : Downy mildew (Plasmopara viti- 

 cola), H. E. Laffee {Agr. Gas. N. S. Wales, 29 {1918), No. 8, pp. 581-584).— 

 Within the season of 1918 grape downy mildew {P. viticola) was identified 

 throughout New South Wales and Victoria, the area affected being of very 

 considerable extent. This fact tends to show that the disease has existed in 

 that region for several years, having become noticeable as a consequence of 

 unusual weather, the connection of which with the unusual development of 

 fungus being briefly discussed as regards the life history of the organism. It is 

 thought that under Australian conditions a 6 : 4 : 30 or even a 6 : 4 : 40 Bordeaux 

 mixture might be sufficient for protection. One advantage of the treatment 

 involving one or more applications as discussed herein is that grape downy 

 mildew and black spot occur at the same period. 



Downy mildew [grape], Plasmopara viticola, F. de Castella and C. C. 

 Brittlebank {Jour. Dept. Agr. Victoria, 16 {1918), No. 9, pp. 568^74, figs. 6).— 

 It is stated that the foothold obtained in northeast Victoria by grape dov/ny 

 mildew {P. viticola) during the summer of 1916-17 permitted an early start for 

 the disease in October, 1917, and resulted in a crop loss during 1918 generally 

 estimated at 90 per cent, while some vines which were adequately sprayed 

 showed a saving of 95 per cent of their crop. Contributory conditions are dis- 

 cussed. The standard spray, 2 lbs. copper sulphate to 10 gal. of water with 

 enough good lime to neutralize the solution, is effective, but is much improved 

 by the addition of casein at the rate of 1 oz. to 10 gal. of spray mixture in order 

 to increase its spreading and wetting capacity. The life history of the fungus 

 is outlined, and plans and results of spraying in other regions are briefly 

 discussed. 



Copper fungicides for vine diseases, F. de Castella {Jour. Dept. Agr. Vic- 

 toria, 16 {1918), Nos. 10, pp. 592-599; 11, pp. 674-678; 12, pp. 735-737).— This 

 is mainly a discussion of fungicidal mixtures based on copper, as regards their 

 physical and chemical composition, properties, and effects, and of changes therein 

 as produced by the aging of the mixtures. 



Comparative effect of basic and acid copper sprays, J. Capus {Prog. Agr. et 

 Vit. {Ed. I'Est-Centre), 39 {1918), No. 6, pp. 129-131).— Studies at least in part 

 reported previously (E. S. R., 40, p. 850) showed that the efficacy of the five 

 copper spi'ays employed (three containing lime and two soda) is much lowered 



