360 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 41 



138°. A^. apis, drying at room and outdoor temperatures, respectively, remained 

 virulent for about 2 months, at incubator temperature about 3 weeks, and in 

 a refrigerator about 7.5 months. N. ains was destroyed in the presence of 

 fermentative processes in a 20 per cent honey solution in 3 days at incubator 

 temperature and in 9 days at outdoor temperature. In a 10 per cent sugar 

 solution it was destroyed in from 7 to 11 days at room temperature. N. apis 

 resisted putrefactive processes for 5 days at incubator temperature, for 2 weeks 

 at room temperature, and for more than 3 weeks at outdoor temperature. N. 

 apis when dry was destroyed in from 15 to 32 hours by direct exposure to the 

 sun's rays. N. apis suspended in water was destroyed by exposure to the 

 sun's rays in from 37 to 51 hours. N. apis if suspended in honey and exposed 

 to the sun's rays frequently will be destroyed on account of the temperature 

 of the honey whicli results from the exposure. N. apis remained virulent in 

 honey for from 2 to 4 months at room temperature. N. apis in the bodies 

 of dead bees ceased to be virulent in 1 week at incubator temperature, in 

 4 weeks at room temperature, in 6 weeks at outdoor temperature, and in 

 4 months in a refrigerator. N. apis in the bodies of dead bees lying on the 

 soil ceased to be virulent in from 44 to 71 days. 



" N. apis is readily destroyed by carbolic acid, a 1 per cent aqueous solution 

 .destroying it in less than 10 minutes. The time element which by the experi- 

 ments is shown to be sufficient for the destruction of N. apis should be increased 

 somewhat to insure their destruction in practical apiculture. The prognosis 

 in Nosema disease varies markedly from excellent, in case of strong colonies 

 with a comparatively small percentage of Nosema-infected bees, to very grave, 

 in case of weak ones with a high percentage of infected bees. 



•' From a technical point of view the results here given must be considered 

 as being approximately only. They are, however, in most instances sufficient 

 for practical purposes." 



Tlxe ants of Trance and Belgium, J. Bondroit (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 87 

 {1918), A'O. 1-2, pp. 1-174, figs. 83). — A synopsis of the Forniicidse. 



Notes on some g-enera and species of chalcid flies belonging" to the Aphe- 

 lininae with description of a new species, A. B. Gahan {Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 55 (1919), pp. 403-407, figs. 5). — Attention is called to the fact that the generic 

 name Paraphelinus erected by Perkins is a synonym of Centrodora, Foerster. 

 Tnmidiscaptis orthopterw reared from the eggs of a locustid deposited in the 

 stems of a grass {Andropogon glomeratns) at Titusville, Fla., is described as 

 new. 



Additions and corrections to A List of Families and Subfamilies of Ich- 

 neumon Flies of the Superfamily Ichneumonoidea (Hymenoptera), H. L. 

 ViERECK (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32 (1919), p. 48). — Additions and corrections 

 to the paper previously noted (E. S. R., 40, p. 65). 



A preliminary report on the Trombidiidse of Minnesota, C. W. Howard 

 (Rpt. State Ent. Minn., 17 (1918), pp. 111-144, figs. 93).— This paper includes 

 keys to adults and nymphs of species found in Minnesota and to the larvte, and 

 descriptions of five species new to science. 



FOODS— HUMAN NUTRITION. 



Bacteriology and mycology of foods, F. W. Tanner {New York: .John Wiley 

 d Sons, 1919, pp. VI +592, pis. 9, figs. 88). — This volume, w^hich is an outgrowth 

 of a course in food microbiology at the University of Illinois, has been de- 

 veloped for those who wish to fit themselves for food control work, for food 

 chemists, and for students in household science possessing a sufficient funda- 

 mental training in chemistry. The plan followed has been to present the 



