460 EXPEKIMEISTT STATION RECORD. [Vol.41 



The greenhouse leaf-tyer (Phlyctasnia ferrugalis), A. H. Gibson- (Ar/r. Ga;::. 

 Canada, 6 {1919), No. 7, pp. 626-629, figs. 2).— This pest, also known as the 

 celery leaf-tyer, is a European insect, long known in the United States, which 

 has increased in recent years to a serious extent in many greenhouses in eastern 

 Canada. It attacks a wide range of greenhouse plants and a number of vege- 

 tables. 



Eggs kept under observation at Ottawa hatched in 14 days. There are 5 

 larval instars, all stages having been found developing at the same time and at 

 various seasons, and the generations apparently overlap. The larvae, which 

 feed almost entirely on the underside of the leaves, eat away the green tissue. 

 In the case of the mature larvtie, conspicuous portions of the leaves are entirely 

 eaten. The length of the pupal stage is from 17 to 20 days. In observations 

 made at Ottawa during the winter months, from 70 to 75 days were required 

 for the completion of its life cycle. It is estimated that under greenhouse con- 

 ditions there is time from the end of September to the end of May for at least 

 3 or possibly 4 generations. For control the author recommends the use of 

 soluble sulphur 1 oz., blackleaf 40, 1 fluid ounce, and water 6 «al. 



Tests of lead arsenate. — Effectiveness of different brands in controlling 

 codling moth, H. B. Terry and W. F. Schlupp (So. African Fruit Groiver, 6 

 (1919), No. 5, pp. 108, 109, 111, flg. 1). — This is a progi-ess report in which tables 

 are given showing the results obtained in 1917-18 and 1918-19 with a consider- 

 able number of preparations. 



A microlepidopteran injurious to avocado, A. Busck (Proc. Ent. Son. Wash., 

 21 (1919), No. 6', pp. 125, 126). — This note relates to a species (Stenoma cateni- 

 fer) which feeds in the fruit and seed of the avocado (Persea spp.) and appears 

 to be of considerable economic importance because of its destructiveness. The 

 species has been received from Guatemala and Ecuador, and it is said to be 

 almost impossible to buy a single avocado in the market of Ecuador which has 

 not at least one of the worms in the seed. 



Gelechia ocellatella, a new enemy of the beet in Italy, G. del Gueecio (Agr. 

 Colon. [Italy], 12 (1918), No. 4, pp. 216-230, figs. 5; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. 

 [Rome'], Internat. Rev. Sci. and Pract. Agr., 9 (1918), No. 1, p. 1384). — This pest 

 was recorded for the first time in Italy during the summer of 1917, when it was 

 observed to be a pest of beets in the lower Valdarno, near Florence. 



The young larvae begin to feed on the tender leaves of the beet in July and soon 

 reach the root by tunneling. As a result the foliage withers and the develop- 

 ment of the root is more or less stopped. Of the various control measures ex- 

 perimented with, arsenicals seem to promise good results. 



The distribution of the foxtail midge (Oligotrophus alopecuri) in Denmark 

 and experiments in methods for its destruction. S. Rostrup (Tidsslcr. Plan- 

 teavl, 26 (1919), No. 1. pp. 38-51). — Almost all of the seed of the meadow fox- 

 tail received at the State Seed Testing Station is said to be more or less severely 

 attacked by the larvie of this midge, and only where the plant has not previously 

 been grown for seed and where there is but little grown can the seed crop escape 

 severe infestation. The larvre hibernate in the seed, where a large percentage 

 survive thrashing, cleansing, and drying. Experimental destruction of the 

 larvae without dstroying the germinating power of the seed has shown that dry 

 heat can be applied for 35 minutes to a temperature of 59 to 60° C. (138.2° to 

 140" F.), or the seed treated with carbon di.sulphid (1 gm. CS2 per liter of air) 

 for 9 hours. 



On the biology of M. ludlowi in Sumatra, W. Schutfner, N. H. Swellen- 

 GREBEL, .T. M. H.. Swellengrerel dk graaf, and Achhad Mochtae (Meded. 

 Burgerl. Geneesk. Dienst Nederland. Indie, No. 3 (1919), pp. 65-90. pis. 5). — A 

 detailed report of biological studies of Myzomyia ludloim, an auopheliue which 



