490 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.41 



and industrialism demanded by their mutual interdependence in modern society. 

 He shows in turn that France has been compelled to adopt a harmonious ad- 

 justment of her agriculture and commerce ; that England has pursued a com- 

 mercial policy involving the sacritice of her agriculture; and that Germany 

 has followed the course of State intervention to insure a balance between 

 agriculture and industry for military expediency. He claims that the tendency 

 in the United States has been to avoid any conscious policy, with the result 

 that agriculture was approaching a position subservient to industry at the be- 

 ginning of the war, and he advocates stabilizing our agriculture by guarantying 

 to it equal favor with industry in education, capital, and organization. 



Food production in the United King'dom (War Cabinet [Gt. Brit.'] Rpt. 

 1917, pp. 156-165). — This chapter contains the report of the British War Cabi- 

 net as regards increased agricultural production, and the main problems that 

 confronted the Boards of Agriculture in carrying out the program for pro- 

 duction. 



Food production and its problems for the consumer (Min. Reconstr. [Gt. 

 Brit.], Reconstr. Prob. [No.] 14 (1919), pp. 22). — Statistics are given to show 

 that the number of the population fed from products of the soil of the United 

 Kingdom has been growing continually smaller since the first complete census 

 in 1801. The fact that a smaller number of persons is fed from the cultivated 

 land of tlie United Kingdom than from that of Germany is explained by the 

 greater proportion of land under grass in the United Kingdom. The author 

 maintains that, if the home-grown food supply is to be increased, the farmer 

 must be assured of a settled policy in regard to education, credit, and insurance 

 against the risks incurred in arable farming. 



Bural industries (Min. Reconstr. [Gt. Brit.], Reconstr. Prob. [No.] 13 (1919), 

 pp. 13). — Certain trades are described as rural industries and as means of pro- 

 viding alternative occupations and increased income for agriculturists. Assist- 

 ance for this development through propagandist societies and a certain amount 

 of State aid is recommended for Great Britain. 



Rural economy of France, H. M. Conacher (Scot. Jour. Agr., 1 {1918), No. 4, 

 pp. U2-450; 2 (1919), Nos. 1, pp. 49-59; 2, pp. 203-212).— This article relates to 

 the conditions of the rural economy of France in the nineteenth century and the 

 effects of the French Revolution upon agricultural practices, this information 

 being derived mainly from the Rural Economy of France since 1789, by De 

 Lavergne. It reviews, also, characteristics of the later agriculture, especially 

 of the systems of landholding by various departments, as exhibited in La Petite 

 Proprigte Rurale en France, previously noted (E. S. R., 22, p. 395), and the land 

 tenure and principal agricultural industries of the Seine-Marne Basin. 



[German agriculture after the war], Stieges (Jalirb. Dent. Landw. Gesell., 

 SI (1916), pp. 13Jf-149). — Discussing methods of increasing the supply of agri- 

 cultural labor in Germany, the author advocates piecework for the permanent 

 workers ; utilization by industrialized farms during the busy seasons of the 

 labor bands of transients leaving their own small holdings in search of tem- 

 porary labor, also of children of school age when not in attendance at school, 

 and of students, teachers, and artisans when on vacation ; the adaptation of 

 now useless war machinery for use in agriculture; and other remedies. 



A practical scheme of agricultural organization and rural reconstruction in 

 Bengal, G. S. Dutt (Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa Coop. Jour., 4 (1919), No. 6, pp. 

 Jilt0-Ji59) . — This contains extracts from an address in which branch agricul- 

 tural associations of the agricultural association of the district of Birbhura 

 in the Province of Bengal are described as propagandist and organizing bodies 

 for the purchase and dissemination of seeds and fertilizers, for supplying 

 credit to members, and for advancing practical agricultural education. The 



