1919] ECOlSrOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 553 



A report of the autlior's studies of this pest, which is the source of much 

 damage in Italy. 



The maize leaf miner (Phytomyza sp.), C. H. Knowles (Fiji Dept. Agr. 

 Pamphlet 21 {1911), pp. 2; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., Ser. A, 6 (1918), No. 11, p. 

 fflS). — It is reported that under certain conditions this leaf miner is capable 

 of affecting corn plants to such an extent as to prevent a crop being raised. 



The eggs of this miner are laid in the upper surface of the corn leaf, gen- 

 erally near the tip and in the young leaves, each egg being deposited singly in 

 a small hole that is first made in the leaf. " The larvifi upon hatching burrow 

 into and consume the green cellular matter of the leaf, keeping just under the 

 upper epidermis, which dies and shows a white streak indicating the tracks of 

 the larvn?. Tlie mines generally run toward the tip of the leaf. When mature, 

 the larvfe eat through the thin upper epidermis and escape for pupation." 



Lonchaea aristella, a dipteran injurious to the flowers and fruit of the 

 caprifig and the fig', F. Silvestri (/Jo/. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Ayr. R. Hcuola Sup. 

 Agr. Port id, 12 {1911), pp. 123-146, figs. 19; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome}, 

 Internat. Rev. Sci. and Praet. Agr., 9 {1918), No. 6, pp. 113, 77//).— This account 

 relates to a lonchseid, which is the source of much injury to figs in the Sorrento 

 Peninsula, especially in Vico Equense, Italy. 



The susceptibility of anophelines to malarial infections in Netherlands 

 India, N. H. Swellengrebel, W. Schuffner, and J. M. H. S\yELLENGREBEL de 

 Graaf {Meded. Bnrgerl. Geneesh. Dienst Nederland. Indii^, No. 3 {1919), pp. 1-64, 

 pis. 3; abs. in Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 12 {1919), No. 23, p. 1112).— A report 

 of investigations by the authors of the mosquito hosts of malaria in the Nether- 

 lands Indies, in which it is pointed out that the experimental index of infect- 

 ability is very high in Myzoniyia ludloiri, which is a true house mosquito. 



" Contrary to other observers one can not but consider M. ludloicH to be a 

 potent carrier. ... In the districts where the researches were imdertaken 

 and during the periods of observation it was the most important transmitter of 

 all anophelines examined." 



The cost of malaria. — A study of economic loss sustained by the Anderson- 

 Cottonwood Irrigation District, Shasta County, Cal., H. F. Gray {Jour. Amer. 

 Med. Assoc., 12 {1919), No. 21, pp. 1533-1535) .—The author presents data on 

 the economic loss caused by malaria in this irrigation district in 1918, where 

 Anopheles maculattis and probably A. punctipennis are present. Estimates are 

 given on the loss occasioned and the cost of control measures. 



Mosquito control about cantonments and shipyards, J. A. Le Prince {Pub. 

 Health Rpts. [U. &'.], 34 {1919), No. 12, pp. 541-553).— A brief statement of the 

 work accomplished. 



The mosquito problem in Britain, A. C Parsons and G. R. Brook {Jour. 

 Roy. Army Med. Corps, 32 {1919), No. 1, pp. 1-23). — A discussion of the prob- 

 lem, with suggestions for a. winter campaign against the important mosquitoes 

 and notes on insecticides. 



A few general directions with regard to destroying mosquitoes, particu- 

 larly the yellow fever mosquito, W. C. Gorgas {Washington: War Dept. 

 [U. S.], Med. Dept., 1918, pp. 14). — The author calls attention briefly to the 

 leading points in our present knowledge of this subject. 



Fishes in relation to mosquito control in ponds, S. F. Hildebrand {Pub. 

 Health Rpts. [U. S.], 34 {1919), No. 21, pp. 1113-1128, pis. 6, figs. 3).— This is a 

 report of investigations of the value of the top minnow {Gambusia afflnis) in 

 antimalarial work. 



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